Journal of Informatics Education and Research
Welcome to the home page of the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance, Mortgages and Insurance. We are a premiere organization dedicated to the study and promotion of knowledge on mortgages and various types insurance. The plan for the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance and Insurance was hatched in a meeting in 1993 between members of the different brokerage companies throughout the United States. The first issue came out in January 1994. From twenty subscribers in its first year, the number of the Journal has climbed steadily. It now currently has 8,000 subscribers. The first issue was sent to subscribers in June and the second issue was sent out in December of each calendar year. Editors of the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance and Insurance organize a yearly forum discussing the whole gamut of mortgages and insurance products as well as the latest developments in the industry. Freelance agents stand to gain the most benefit from what the Journal has to offer. For example a recent issue we ran delved into the statistics of senior citizens and their interaction with a reverse mortgage calculator. You can subscribe to the the Journal of Informatics Education and Research for Finance and Insurance at any time of the year. You can register and subscribe and still get in upcoming issue. Subscribe now to the Journal and be enlightened.
"Harnessing Spirituality to Combat Workplace Stress"
Stress at work is becoming a bigger problem since it can lead to burnout, lower productivity, and worse employee health. Integrating spirituality—more especially, forgiveness and compassion—emerges as a potent tool to improve stress resilience and general employee well-being as businesses look for practical ways to deal with these issues. This essay examines how forgiveness and compassion, two essential spiritual disciplines, might reduce stress at work by creating a welcoming, sympathetic, and emotionally stable workplace. While forgiveness fosters emotional healing, lessens animosity, and enhances interpersonal relationships, compassion enables workers to connect with others on a deeper emotional level, fostering an environment of understanding and support. The study looks at how fostering forgiveness and compassion at work might lower stress and improve wellbeing. Organizations can foster a culture of emotional resilience, teamwork, and conflict resolution by encouraging employees to live out these values. Higher job satisfaction, improved work-life balance, and less worry and burnout are all influenced by these spiritual activities. The study also explores the benefits of compassion and forgiveness for organizations in terms of increased creativity, communication, and general productivity. To sum up, forgiveness and compassion are crucial elements of a spirituality-based strategy for managing stress at work. Businesses may foster a more resilient, effective, and peaceful workplace by incorporating these principles into their corporate culture. This will eventually improve employee well-being and ensure the long-term success of the company.
The Algorithmic Customer: An In-Depth Analysis of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning on Personalized Marketing
The proliferation of digital technologies has catalyzed a paradigm shift in marketing, moving from the broad-strokes approach of mass communication to the highly individualized strategy of personalized marketing. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its core subset, Machine Learning (ML), on this evolution. It establishes that AI is not merely an optimization tool but a foundational architecture that enables personalization at an unprecedented scale and complexity. The analysis begins by deconstructing the core ML models—supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning—that power modern marketing engines. It then provides a detailed examination of key AI applications, including hyper-segmentation through clustering algorithms, predictive analytics for forecasting customer behavior and lifetime value (CLV), collaborative and content-based recommendation engines, and the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) in conversational AI. The paper synthesizes extensive data to quantify the business impact of these technologies, demonstrating significant improvements in conversion rates, return on investment (ROI), and customer engagement. Through case studies of industry leaders such as Amazon, Netflix, and Spotify, it illustrates how AI-driven personalization has become a core component of the product experience itself. However, the paper also provides a critical assessment of the profound challenges and ethical quandaries that accompany this transformation. It addresses the pervasive issues of algorithmic bias, the escalating concerns regarding data privacy and regulatory compliance, and the societal implications of filter bubbles. Furthermore, it details the significant financial and organizational hurdles to implementation, including prohibitive costs and a persistent talent gap. The paper concludes that the future of marketing lies in a symbiotic human-algorithm collaboration, where AI manages the complexity of data and automation, while human marketers provide the essential strategic direction, creative insight, and ethical governance required to navigate this new landscape.
A study on Attitudinal and Emotional loyalty of Tourists towards Ayurvedic Tourism to build Kerala as an international Ayurvedic Tourism Brand
The rise of Ayurvedic tourism has transformed Kerala into a leading wellness destination, emphasizing the need to understand what drives tourist loyalty and connection. This study explores tourists’ emotions and attitudes toward Ayurvedic tourism and how these factors strengthen Kerala’s brand as a global hub for Ayurveda-based wellness. It examines how various groups of tourists develop loyalty and attachment, presenting a model to analyze the key factors that influence these feelings and their outcomes in Kerala’s health tourism sector. The research investigates how positive attitudes enhance the relationship between tourist satisfaction and brand development, with trust acting as a moderating element. It also examines how service quality and medical expertise shape loyalty and emotional connection. Furthermore, it explores how emotions such as affection, connection, and passion contribute to Kerala’s Ayurvedic brand identity. Data were collected through a questionnaire focusing on service experience, medical quality, satisfaction, trust, emotional factors, and brand perception. Statistical analysis confirmed the proposed model and validated the relationships between these variables. The findings show that high service standards and professional medical care increase tourist satisfaction, which in turn strengthens emotional bonds and loyalty toward Kerala’s Ayurvedic brand. Trust further enhances the effect of satisfaction on brand perception. The study highlights the significance of combining emotional and attitudinal aspects to create effective branding strategies for Kerala’s Ayurvedic tourism. It offers a practical framework showing how emotions and loyalty work together to build a strong, lasting brand in wellness tourism.
Online Classroom Models and Learning Outcomes in Professional Education: A Quantitative Study of MBA Students
The rapid shift to online classroom models during the COVID-19 pandemic raised critical questions about their effectiveness in delivering professional education, particularly for MBA programs requiring practical skill development. This study quantitatively assesses how online classroom model components predict perceived learning outcomes among MBA students in India. Using a structured questionnaire adapted from validated scales (Basar et al., 2021; Reyes-Fournier et al., 2020; DiLoreto & Gaines, 2016), data from 560 MBA students measured five key predictors: course design & structure, technology & platform quality, instructor facilitation & support, peer interaction & learning community, and student engagement & self- regulation. Multiple regression analysis revealed that all five constructs significantly predict perceived learning outcomes (R² = 0.68, F = 285.4, p < 0.001), with instructor facilitation (β = 0.25, p < 0.001) and student engagement (β = 0.20, p < 0.001) emerging as strongest predictors. ANOVA tests confirmed significant differences across program year (F = 12.3, p < 0.01) and prior online experience (F = 8.7, p < 0.01). Findings align with Arbaugh et al. (2018) who found instructor presence critical in online MBA contexts, and Eom et al. (2006) who emphasized structural determinants of online learning outcomes. Results suggest online classroom models can effectively deliver MBA learning outcomes when optimized for instructor facilitation and student engagement, challenging assumptions about online education's inferiority for professional programs. Implications for MBA curriculum design and faculty training in hybrid learning environments are discussed.
Venkatachalam Ramakrishnan, N. Manikandan
Consumer Buying Behavior towards Luxury Branded Durable Goods in Patna City, Bihar, India
The luxury goods market in India with an estimated value of USD 10.01billion in the year 2024 is currently witnessing a marketable increase in demand of luxury-branded durable goods especially in Tier II urban centres like Patna in Bihar. This significant change in consumer consumption patterns has been contributed by the increased household incomes, changing lifestyles, as well as increased exposure to high quality brands. This paper seeks to examine consumer buying behaviour as relates to luxury-branded long-lasting commodities within the Patna City, and outlin how consumer purchase intention is influenced. A sample population size of 300 consumers in the city was used to collect primary data using a structured questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale. The cross-sectional research design was taken and stratified random sampling methods were used to select households that belonged either to the middle- and high-income brackets, determined by a minimum monthly income limit of 20,000. Data were gathered and analyzed with the application of SPSS software that included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The empirical results show that social influence becomes salient as the most influential factor in purchase intention followed by brand perception, perceived quality, and economic factors. These findings highlight the aspirational nature of luxury consumption among the new urban markets and provide useful information to luxury brands that are hoping to expand their presence in Tier II cities.
A Study Of Emotional Intelligence Of Taekwondo Players
This study aimed to examine the Emotional Intelligence among State, National and International level of Indian Taekwondo players. Emotional intelligence, which refers to the capacity to identify, comprehend, and regulate both personal emotions and those of others, has gained growing recognition as a key contributor to success in both personal and professional spheres. A total of 90 male Taekwondo players were randomly selected for data collection. The entire data divided in three (3) groups i.e. 30 State, 30 National and 30 International level Taekwondo players. The scale of Emotional Intelligence developed by Hyde, Pethe and Dhar in 2002. It has total 34 items with 1-5 pointer scale and the highest score is 170. The analysis involved descriptive statistics and One way ANOVA were used to result in SPSS Software, with a significance threshold set at .05. The reliability of questionnaire is 0.88. The results identified ten key factors— Self-Awareness, Empathy, Self-motivation, Emotional stability, Managing relation, Integrity, Self-development, Value orientation, Commitment and altruistic behavior across thirty-four (34) items. The result of the study revealed significant difference among State, National and International level Indian Taekwondo players on Emotional Intelligence. Whereas, International players had a higher-level Emotional Intelligence in Comparison to State and National Taekwondo players.
Mr. Vipin Kumar Gautam, Dr. Madhusudan Chakraborty
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Informatics Education and Research
A Descriptive Study On Personality Traits And Demographic Profile Of Individuals Using The Big Five Model
The purpose of this study was to use descriptive analysis to investigate the personality characteristics and demographic profile of a sample group. 50 people in all took part in the study, with the majority being women (68%) and those in the 21–30 age range (38%). Seventy percent were self-employed, sixty-six percent were single, and eighty-two percent were part of two- to four-person nuclear households. In terms of education, 48% had postgraduate degrees, while 24% made between ₹10,000 and ₹20,000 a month. A five-point Likert scale based on the Big Five Personality dimensions was used to evaluate personality characteristics. The majority of interviewees described themselves as gregarious yet not reserved, indicating moderate levels of extraversion. The majority showed high levels of agreeableness, rejecting fault-finding conduct and showing trust in others. Though opinions on laziness differed, more than half of respondents said they were thorough in their conscientiousness. Even while the majority of respondents said they managed their stress well, a sizable percentage nevertheless occasionally felt anxious, which is indicative of mild neuroticism. While comments about imagination were more neutral, artistic interests demonstrated an openness to experience. All things considered, the study sheds light on the sample group's sociodemographic background and personality traits, laying the groundwork for future behavioral and psychological investigations.
Climbing The Ladder: Digital Skills, Mentorship, And Career Growth Of Young Professionals
This study investigates the factors influencing professional success and career development across five key domains: Educational Attainment & Skill Development, Career Entry & Early Opportunities, Professional Growth & Leadership Advancement, Networking, Mentorship & Social Capital, and Workplace Environment & Sustainability of Success. The aim of the research is to examine how educational preparation, early career conditions, leadership development experiences, social capital, and workplace practices collectively shape the career trajectories of individuals. A sample of 184 respondents was surveyed using a structured Likert-scale questionnaire to collect relevant data. The study employed a quantitative research design to analyse variables such as field choice, research experience, digital skills, extracurricular involvement, job timing, employer type, job conversion, networking, job satisfaction, award recognition, leadership training, project visibility, career mobility, mentor quality, alumni support, association membership, online presence, pay equity, workplace safety, job engagement, and employee retention. The findings reveal that strong educational skill development—particularly digital competencies and active extracurricular involvement—significantly enhances early career opportunities and job satisfaction. Networking and mentorship were also found to play a vital role in advancing leadership potential, with respondents reporting higher career mobility when supported by mentors and alumni networks. Furthermore, workplace environment factors such as pay equity, safety, and engagement emerged as strong predictors of long-term employee retention. No major disparities were observed across different employer types, but respondents with higher digital proficiency and stronger social capital reported more positive career progression. The study concludes with recommendations for educational institutions, employers, and policymakers to strengthen career pathways by enhancing skill development programs, promoting mentorship networks, and improving workplace practices to support sustainable professional growth.
The Role of Neuromarketing in Enhancing Digital Marketing Effectiveness
Neuromarketing is a creative approach that integrates marketing and neuroscience to understand consumer behavior beyond conventional analytical techniques. This study explores how neuromarketing improves the effectiveness of digital marketing by examining subconscious consumer responses to advertisements, websites, branding elements, and social media content. Using neuro technologies, marketers can identify emotional triggers, levels of focus, and decision-making tendencies. Neuroscience advances reveal the inner workings of the human brain, including how advertising and marketing messages impact the brain. It highlights a lot of the small, typically unconscious mental processes that can make or ruin a marketing strategy. The term "neuromarketing," which is only ten years old, was created to acknowledge the potential benefits of combining scientific brain analysis with neuro-tools such as fMRI, EEG, eye tracking, and biometrics. Conversion rates, ad memory, engagement, and the ability to develop personalized digital campaigns are all enhanced by neuromarketing. Deep brain activity analysis is still costly and time-consuming. Different brain regions are essential for understanding marketing messages and, more importantly, for determining how to respond to them. The results of the study indicate that neuromarketing can be used as a tactical tool to enhance competitive advantage, optimize content, improve customer connections, and improve digital marketing strategies. These concerns are the main topic of the research paper.
Dr.V.Mythili, Dr.M.Aruna, Dr Poornima B, Dr. P. Preetha, Ms. Kanidha P
Role Of Brand Equity In Higher Education
Presenting a business school's brand to its shareholders is especially important in the complex and competitive world of today, which is driving the rapid expansion of business schools and the erasing of national boundaries. Therefore, differentiating oneself and building a strong university brand are crucial in the cutthroat world of higher education. The performance and longevity of higher education institutions are greatly dependent on brand equity, which also plays a crucial role in setting one institution apart from another in a market that is becoming more and more competitive. It includes important factors including perceived quality, brand associations, brand awareness, and brand loyalty, all of which have an impact on the decisions made by potential donors, teachers, and students. Strong brand equity puts organizations in a better position to draw in top personnel, get funding, and build their reputations all of which contribute to long-term resilience and success. Successful institutions in the ever-changing higher education marketplace must manage their brand equity through effective marketing, constant quality instruction, and good experiences for both students and alumni.
From Habermasian Hegemony of the Public Sphere to the Plurality of Digital Spaces: A Critical Sociological Study of the Reproduction of Collective Identities and Social Relations Under the Influence of Communication Technologies
This research seeks to deconstruct the classical theoretical assumptions about the public sphere as formulated by Habermas's theory, which presupposed the unity and centrality of social space, through a critical in-depth study of how collective identities and social relations are reshaped within the context of the digital revolution and the plurality of virtual spaces. The fundamental problematic of the research lies in the central question: How have modern communication technologies redefined the nature of the traditional public sphere, thereby leading to the fragmentation of collective identities and the reformulation of social relations in forms unforeseen in classical sociological literature? The approach revolves around a critical hypothesis positing that the transition from a unified public sphere to multiple digital spaces was not merely a technological advancement but rather a radical epistemological transformation in the mode of identity production and mechanisms of social interaction. The importance of the research manifests itself in bridging the epistemological gap between traditional theories of the public sphere and the contemporary reality of digital social practices, particularly in the Arab and Algerian context where digital modernity intersects with traditional social structures. The study employs a critical analytical methodology that combines theoretical examination of fundamental concepts (public sphere, collective identity, social relations) with the analysis of actual practices of individuals on social media platforms. The research utilizes multiple methodological tools including digital discourse analysis, participatory observation, and in-depth interviews with social actors. The study defines its fundamental concepts as follows: the public sphere (as a field of social interaction liberated from domination), digital spaces (as multiple and fragmented virtual spaces), reproduction (as a dynamic process that maintains structures while transforming them), and collective identities (as fluid and unstable formations). The study has reached critical findings indicating that digital spaces did not expand the scope of democratic interaction as optimistic theories had predicted; rather, they reproduced new forms of domination, exclusion, and identity fragmentation. Furthermore, the research demonstrated that collective identities did not disappear but are continuously reformulated in multiple and contradictory ways according to different digital contexts, suggesting the continuity of social structures' influence on the digital sphere.
Contribution of Modern Information and Communication Technology in Enhancing the Quality of Accounting Information: A Field Study
This study aimed to examine the reality of the use of modern information and communication technology in the institution in its dimensions (hardware, software, networks, human resources, information security), and its role in improving the quality of accounting information at Algeria Telecom in Chlef, and in order to understand the subject, the questionnaire and the statistical analysis program SPSS 22 were used. The study concluded that there is a strong correlation between the use of modern information and communication technology and the quality of accounting information in the institution under study, there is an impact of modern information and communication technology in its dimensions on improving the quality of accounting information at Algeria Telecom in Chlef. The study recommends the need for the institution to benefit from information and communication technology in order to improve the quality of accounting information produced by accounting systems, through the introduction and adoption of advanced technology and techniques.
Cultural Roots and Culinary Revival: Integrating Indigenous Practices Into Sustainable Hospitality and Architecture Design
Sustainability and cultural inclusivity have become central imperatives in modern hospitality and tourism management. Indigenous culinary traditions provide a unique intersection of culture, sustainability, and economic empowerment. This study investigates the role of indigenous gastronomy in fostering sustainable hospitality practices in Uttar Pradesh, India, focusing on Lucknow, Varanasi, Agra, Mathura, and Kanpur. A mixed-method approach was employed, including structured surveys from 150 tourists and 50 hospitality professionals, semi-structured interviews with chefs and managers, and simulated data analysis using mean comparisons and chi-square tests. The study examines eight hypotheses relating to cultural authenticity, local empowerment, environmental sustainability, and economic equity. Findings indicate that integrating indigenous culinary practices enhances tourist satisfaction, promotes local livelihoods, preserves cultural heritage, and supports environmental sustainability. The paper concludes by proposing a conceptual framework for embedding indigenous gastronomy into tourism and hospitality management and offering theoretical insights based on Triple Bottom Line, Stakeholder, and Cultural Capital theories.
Mr. Prashant Singh, Ms. Neha Mishra, Ms. Shrusti Sonker, Mr. Ashutosh Pathak, Mr. Shivansu Sachan, Mr. Ankit Kumar, Mr. Vanshika Srivastava
Typography Without A Typographer: Reframing Authorship And Creative Agency In Ai-Driven Packaging Design In India
This chapter investigates the synergy between engineering and service sectors, emphasizing the integration of intelligence into service ecosystems to boost Typography while promoting sustainability. Leveraging human-centered design, systems thinking, and cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), digital twins, and the Internet of Things (IoT), the study explores their transformative potential in smart Creative Agency . Key focus areas include optimizing service delivery, personalizing guest experiences, and enhancing operational efficiency through predictive analytics and automation, all while adopting eco-conscious practices. The research draws on real-world applications from Creative Agency workflows, patient-centered healthcare, and smart city initiatives to illustrate sustainable strategies that deliver impactful, guest-centric outcomes. The proposed framework aligns engineering innovations with dual objectives: elevating Typographymetrics—such as personalized services, reduced wait times, and empathetic interactions—and advancing sustainability through energy-efficient systems, waste reduction, and green engineering principles. For instance, IoT-driven environments enable real-time monitoring to minimize resource overuse, while digital twins simulate virtual service systems to optimize resource allocation without environmental strain. Predictive analytics further supports demand forecasting, reducing food waste and energy consumption in Creative Agency settings.By integrating these technologies, the chapter highlights how adaptability and quality can address individual guest needs while aligning with global sustainability goals. Insights from interdisciplinary applications underscore the importance of collaborative, transparent human-AI interactions in fostering trust and resilience. Ultimately, this convergent paradigm aims to redefine smart Creative Agency as an intelligent, responsive, and environmentally sustainable ecosystem, offering a blueprint for future service design that balances guest delight with ecological responsibility. This approach not only enhances the guest experience but also positions the Creative Agency industry as a leader in sustainable innovation.
Arjita Singh, Tanisha Wadhawan, Dr. Jyoti Agnihotri, Mr. Shivansu Sachan, Mr. Ankit Kumar, Ms. Aishwarya Arya, Ms. Vanshika Srivastava
Depiction of Id, Ego and Superego in ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emile Bronte
Attempts to analyse the mind has always been a curious but intricate study.The present paper based on ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emile Bronte, discusses the human behaviour with respect to the society. Likewise, it can be taken as a portrayal of society where circumstances and perspectives influence the thinking and mental processes of individuals. The paper applies certain Freudian theories and examines Brontë’s work in Wuthering Heights, analyzing various characters and their implications for society. The paper discusses the major characters of the present novel through the concept of Id, Ego and Superego as classified by Sigmund Freud, and it also looks at the various defense mechanisms that a person adopts to overshadow his/ her flaws.The key-characters of the novel Heathcliff,Catherine and Edgar delineate the Id, Ego and Superego respectively.The relationships of Heathcliff and Catherine, Edgar and Catherine, Heathcliff and Isabella build a strong plot for the novel but make the lives painful and complex for these characters.The paper also looks into the interrelativeness of the characters and its impact on their destinies ultimately. Bronte's work also supports Freud’s psychological theories, despite the novel being published in 1847, nearly a century before Freud's theories emerged in the 1960s.
Dr Kiran Mamgain, Ms Lajwanti M., Ms Aakshi Chhetri
Service Quality and Its Effect on Customer Satisfaction in Digital Banking
The accessibility, speed and transparency of banking services in India have been significantly improved by digital banking. There is a growing use of mobile banking, online banking, UPI, and wallets among consumers instead of the traditional banking. Consumer happiness has become a highly determinant factor in the changing banking environment with regard to service quality. The article reviews analytically the quality of digital banking services on five key dimensions, which are reliability, responsiveness, usability, security and technical efficiency. According to the consumer feedback of the study, the level of satisfaction is much higher in case the digital services are delivered on time, the transactions are perfect, the user interface is easy to use and simple. OTP verification, secure login, and fraud prevention are security and privacy measures that improve consumer confidence. Besides, fast response in solving problems and customer services are very helpful in improving the user experience. With descriptive study, it is shown that when service quality in digital banking goes above expectations of the consumers, it motivates them to use the services. This generates an improved customer loyalty, positive word-of-mouth, and a better competitive position of the bank. In turn, it may be concluded that a high service quality is one of the pillars of ensuring client satisfaction in digital banking.
The Role of Education Management Information Systems in Enhancing Academic Performance: A Systematic Review
The integration of information technology in educational institutions has grown rapidly due to its proven efficiency and effectiveness in administrative and academic functions. Learning and Education Management Information Systems (LEMIS) provide administrators and teachers with essential data to support planning, policy-making, and evaluation. However, the successful implementation of these technologies depends on the availability of qualified teachers who possess the skills to integrate technology into teaching and learning processes. In this context, this systematic review aims to examine how LEMIS enhances teachers’ instructional practices and improves students’ academic achievement. For this purpose, a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2024 was conducted using databases such as ERIC, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. A total of 11 relevant studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for analysis. The review indicates that LEMIS supports teacher development through technology-driven lesson design, assessment, and feedback while improving student performance through learning analytics and interactive platforms. However, the findings also highlight the importance of teacher training and institutional readiness to maximize its effectiveness. Future research should focus on developing standardized frameworks for the effective integration of LEMIS into teaching and administrative practices.
Neuromarketing represents a convergence of neuroscience and marketing, offering a deeper understanding of consumer behaviour by examining subconscious processes that traditional methods often overlook. This paper explores the impact of neuromarketing on consumer decision-making, focusing on attention, emotion, and memory as critical drivers of behaviour. It reviews key methodologies such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and eye-tracking, while highlighting practical applications in advertising, product design, and pricing strategies. Ethical concerns surrounding manipulation and privacy are also discussed. The findings suggest that neuromarketing provides valuable insights into consumer psychology, but its use must be balanced with transparency and responsibility.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Factors on the Contribution of Systematic Investment Plans of Mutual Fund Schemes in India
This study investigates the effect of selected macroeconomic factors on the Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) contributions to mutual funds in India over the period from April 2016 to March 2024. The key objective is to examine how macroeconomic variables such as Dollar Rate, Foreign Exchange Reserve, Inflation, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Sensex, and Interest Rate influence SIP contributions by using multiple regression analysis. The results confirm that Dollar Rate, GDP, Sensex, and Interest Rate significantly impact SIP contributions, while Foreign Exchange Reserve and Inflation do not. The study concludes that SIP investments are sensitive to major macroeconomic movements and calls for careful policy considerations to enhance retail participation in mutual funds.
Greening the Workforce: A Sustainable Human Resources Framework for SMEs through AI and Agile Methodologies
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) collectively have a significant environmental impact. Green human resource management (GHRM) can help them address this, but implementation challenges hinder sustainable continuity. This research proposes a theoretical business model to help SMEs adapt, meet sustainable goals, and build a resilient ecosystem. The study analyzed 368 Scopus-indexed papers using R-based Bibliometrix, Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and R Studio. Findings reveal several foundational factors for the new model, including the necessity of green competencies (both natural and acquired) and green motivation. These elements contribute to green organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB), which is crucial for SMEs to adopt GHRM practices. Ultimately, these factors operate under the principles of environmental management, which drive businesses to enhance their environmental performance.
Empowering Emotional Well-Being: Generation Z’s Openness to Relationship Support Services
Generation Z is known for its openness, boldness, awareness, and other factors that we had not seen in the previous generations so prominently. They talk openly about sensitive topics like social issues, gender roles, finance, mental health, etc. The current study aims to provide insights on whether they only speak about it or whether they are truly committed to implementing it in their lives as well. We have seen Generation Z encouraging people to reach out to professionals when required, but do they reach out to professionals? The current study focuses on whether they are comfortable with the idea of reaching out to professionals for help in their relationships. This study was conducted on 110 college-going Generation Z students of Delhi NCR since they encourage everyone to reach out for professional help. However, the findings revealed a slightly different picture. Clear resistance could be seen in the students to seek professional help. However, there could be many reasons for this. In India, a collective society, relationships are always considered private matters, and interference from anyone is not encouraged. However, when things go adverse, we reach out to family members or a few friends. The idea of reaching out to seek professional help doesn’t come easily in our minds. Contrary to the Western world (USA and Canada), in an individualistic society, seeking professional help to save a relationship is not considered taboo. Certainly, there is a need to develop insights into the possible reasons for the resistance, which is important. Therefore, the current study provides us with insights on what could be the possible reasons for the resistance in Indian couples to seek professional help for their relationship.
Indian Diaspora and Its Role in Promoting India’s National Interest- An Evaluation
The present article traces historical evolution of Indian diaspora and traces its role in promoting India’s national interest.
The Rise of Young and First-Time Investors in the Indian Stock Market after the COVID-19 pandemic
In this research paper, the present investigation was undertaken to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic coincided with an unprecedented influx of young and first-time investors (FTIs) into the Indian stock market, driven by widespread digitalization, commission-free/low-cost trading, time at home, social media–driven narratives, and shifting risk–return expectations. This study examines (a) the demographic and psychographic profile of these entrants, (b) their motivations and information sources, (c) their financial literacy and risk tolerance, (d) technology adoption and platform preferences, and (e) the short-run and intended long-run investment behaviors and outcomes. Using a cross-sectional survey of 300 investors (150 FTIs aged 18–35; 150 experienced investors >35). Results revealed that the ease-of-use of mobile apps significantly increased the likelihood of being an FTI (B = 0.63, OR = 1.32, p < .01). Social influence strongly predicted trading intensity (r = 0.41, R² = 0.17, p < .01), while FTIs scored lower in financial literacy (M = 62.5) compared to experienced investors (M = 70.8), t(298) = –4.12, p < .01. Risk tolerance positively predicted equity allocation (β = 0.45, p < .01), and financial literacy moderated social influence, weakening its effect on speculative trading (interaction β = –0.22, p < .05). These findings suggest that technology convenience and peer networks are major drivers of youth investing post-COVID, but lower financial literacy increases vulnerability to speculative behavior. Practical implications include the need for financial education, responsible platform design, and regulatory safeguards. Limitations relate to the cross-sectional design, reliance on self-reports, and underrepresentation of rural populations.
An Empirical Investigation of Commercial Banks’ Impact on Financial Management, Macroeconomic Factors, And Financial Risks
An extensive empirical analysis into the complex interplay among financial risks, macroeconomic variables, financial management techniques, and commercial banks is carried out in this research report. This study attempts to shed light on how financial management strategies, macroeconomic variables, and associated risks influence and are influenced by commercial banks using real-world data analysis and sophisticated statistical approaches. For investors, banking professionals, and policymakers looking for a thorough grasp of the complex factors influencing the stability and resilience of the banking industry in the face of economic problems, this research offers insightful information.The value of the banking area is impacted by various macroeconomic variables, financial management, and risk consideration, and academics ought to give specific consideration to this part. This article looks at how economic hazards like credit and finances, economic variables, and methods for managing money like returns on assets (ROA) as well as returns on equity (ROE) impact Jordanian commercial Banking firm value. For the evaluation, Bank of Jordan discretionary data for the years 2012–2021 was obtained. The fixed-effect framework and the robust measurement error were used in the review to investigate the relationships between the variables and elements. The essay assists policymakers in determining ways for increasing bank value by focusing on financial management and limiting financial risk.
The Impact of Digital Marketing Management and Quality of Service on the Sales Performance of Smes in the Digital Age
In the present computerized age, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) face unique challenges and opportunities in driving sales performance. This research expects to investigate the effect of digital marketing management and the quality of service on the sales performance of SMEs in the digital era. To investigate this topic, a mixed-method research design was employed. The study collected both quantitative and qualitative data from a sample of SMEs operating in diverse industries. The quantitative analysis involved examining the relationships between digital marketing management, quality of service, and sales performance using statistical techniques such as regression analysis. The qualitative analysis involved interviews and case studies to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and underlying factors. The sightings of this paper reveal a strong positive connection between digital marketing management and sales performance. SMEs that effectively utilize digital marketing strategies experience higher sales volumes, increased customer acquisition, and improved customer engagement.
“Examining the Relationship Between Governance Structures and Financial Viability in Health Insurance Companies – An Empirical Study”
Corporate governance is very critical in determining the financial integrity, accountability and long-term sustainability of organizations especially in highly regulated and stakeholder sensitive sectors like health insurance. The relationship between financial performance and governance structures in India's health insurance business is the subject of this research. In this study, 110 participants were interviewed, including board members, CEOs, finance heads and senior managers. The purpose of the research was to use descriptive and correlational analysis to determine how corporate governance practices, audit committees, internal controls, risk management and transparency affect the financial health, stability, longevity and trustworthiness of businesses. Findings have shown that the correlation between the variables of corporate governance and the financial variables are poor and negligible in terms of statistical significance, indicating that the governing mechanisms, although theoretically fundamental, are still not successfully affecting the financial performance of the research companies. The results suggest that more robust implementation, connection of risk management with the governance processes, and adequate communication with stakeholders should be used to convert the governance frameworks to concrete monetary and organizational gains. The research addresses a significant gap in research as it is the health insurance industry that the governance-performance literature usually does not cover and provides the policymakers and practitioners with the opportunities to engage in strategic planning in an effort to align the ethical governance with profitability and resilience.
A Comparative Study Of Depression Among Athletes And Non-Athletes
Depression is a common psychological issue among adolescents. It can negatively affect their emotional balance and overall quality of life. This study was conducted to compare the depression levels of athletes and non- athletes and to see whether regular participation in sports helps improve mental health in adolescents. The sample consisted of 200 male students aged 14 to 18 years. Among them, 100 were athletes regularly involved in organized sports, while the remaining 100 were non-athletes who did not take part in any regular physical activities. The Depression subscale of the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (Bhatnagar & Singh, 2011) was used to assess depression levels among the participants. An independent t-test was conducted to compare the average depression scores of the two groups. Athletes had an average score of 21.84 (SD = 9.42), while non- athletes had a higher average score of 27.18 (SD = 10.11). The t-value of 3.45 and p-value of 0.001 showed a significant difference at the 0.05 level, indicating that non-athletes experience more depression than athletes. The study suggests that regular involvement in sports helps protect adolescents from depressive symptoms and improves their emotional strength.
“A Study on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) Techniques to Increase Transparency in Predictive Analytics for Education in India: Conceptual Analysis”
Predictive analytics has become central to modern educational technology, underpinning early warning systems, student performance prediction, adaptive learning, and institutional decision-making processes. The adoption of complex machine learning (ML) models, while enhancing predictive accuracy, has introduced challenges related to model opaqueness, bias, and limited interpretability. These challenges undermine stakeholder trust and raise ethical concerns, particularly in high-stakes educational decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers a promising pathway to increase transparency, improve trust, and enable the responsible deployment of predictive systems in education. This study critically evaluates key XAI techniques—including feature importance, SHAP, LIME, counterfactual explanations, interpretable models, and surrogate modeling—and analyzes their applicability and limitations within educational contexts. Quantitative insights from existing studies indicate that the incorporation of XAI can improve stakeholder trust by up to 30% and decision accuracy by 15% in certain predictive tasks. The discussion highlights how XAI supports teachers, administrators, and students in understanding prediction outputs and mitigating risks such as algorithmic bias. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for integrating XAI frameworks into educational predictive analytics pipelines and proposes future research directions emphasizing empirical validation and user-cantered design.
Impact of Regulatory Shocks and Consolidation on the Stock Market Reactions of Previously Merged firms in the Indian Automobile and Banking Sectors
The study examines the short-run stock market impact of major environmental and regulatory shocks on firms that had previously undergone mergers in the automobile and banking sectors and systemic consolidation in the Indian banking sector. The study aims to determine whether markets perceived (a) regulatory shocks, i.e., the ban on >2000 cc diesel vehicles in NCR (16 December 2015) and the enforcement of BS-VI emission norms (19 February 2016) as value-destroying or stabilizing for previously merged automobile firms, and (b) the August 30, 2019 announcement of the 10 PSBs merged into four major entities as a signal of enhanced stability for previously merged banks. To test this, the study employs a ±7-day event window to analyze average abnormal returns (AAR) and cumulative average abnormal returns (CAAR), using both parametric and non-parametric statistical tests, including the t-test, Patell’s test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Sign test, Corrado test, and BMP test. The results indicate that the market did not view these regulatory events as major shocks. The findings have implications for policymakers, bank management, and investors regarding how merger history and anticipated stability influence stock valuation during periods of structural change.
Advancing Global Competence in Higher Education through Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)
In the world becoming very globalized and the global matters becoming more complicated than ever, institutions of higher learning should prepare students with effective global competencies. Global competence encompasses global awareness, intercultural understanding, moral responsibility, and critical thought, and thus is one the main educational focus. The Education Sustainable Development (ESD) has proven to be a useful educational model that is similar in aspiration to the developmental competence of the globe. Teaching with the help of ESD makes students see the global sustainability problems in different perspectives and perceive the interrelation of the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of development. The current paper discusses the role of Education for Sustainable Development in promoting global competence in higher education. The research applies conceptual and secondary data based study research methodology that depends on the literature, global frameworks, and policy documents of such organizations as UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) and OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). The paper follows a systematic review of the literature addressing the relationship between ESD and global competence and ways in which higher education institutions can incorporate ESD into their curriculums, teaching experience, policies, and campus life. The paper further highlights the significance of universities in facilitating practical learning, the interdisciplinary approach, and international collaborations to enhance the involvement and learning outcomes of students. Nevertheless, implementation of ESD in higher education is hindered by several challenges which include rigid curricula, staff preparation, resources and problems with measuring the outcomes of global competence. The paper has concluded that the successful implementation of ESD can only be done through an increased institutional commitment, an improved faculty development, and the use of new assessment methods. On balance, the paper emphasizes the fact that Education for Sustainable Development is an efficient way to prepare graduates that can respond to contemporary global issues and contribute to the establishment of a sustainable, inclusive future.
Index Rebalancing and its Valuation Ripple: A Deep Dive into Nifty 500 Companies
The purpose of this study is to investigate how addition and deletion of companies from the index affects their market valuation. For this research, the NIFTY 500 index was taken into consideration as it is a well – diversified benchmark index. A total of 54 events in year 2024 were selected initially but only 40 companies were taken into the consideration for further analysis due to non – availability of data. To determine the shifts in valuations based on return generation during the event period, event study methodology was used as introduced by (MacKinlay, 1997). The study evidenced insignificant results related to both events i.e. inclusion and exclusion which is inconsistent with the prior literature. Despite the fact that the NIFTY 500 index companies were chosen mostly on their market size, investors could not yet have complete faith in them. Since investors still believe that the excluded companies fundamentals are robust, their exclusion is likewise unimportant to them. The NIFTY 500 index is quite huge which slows down the flow of information into the market and suggests that larger indices are associated with less efficient markets.
Influence of Social Media Marketing on the Brand Image of Higher Education Institutions: A Student Perspective
The move to social media integration into educational marketing has fundamentally changed the way that higher education institutions (HEIs) work to build their brand image and market themselves to prospective students. This research on the effects of social media marketing (SMM) on the brand image of HEIs has been carried out from the perspective of Indian students. Employing a mixed-method approach using quantitative survey results alongside qualitative information, the data of 300 respondents were analyzed using factor analysis method, t-tests, and ANOVA. The results of this chapter suggest that social media factors such as digital outreach, brand gratification, impact of SMS and Blogging, and institutional reliability have huge impact on the perceptions of brand image. Demographic variables such as gender, age and education level were found to have a moderating effect. Specifically, female students showed themselves to be more sensitive to brand than males concerning social media engagement, while older and better educated respondents showed differentiated responses to institutional credibility and outreach. The study, therefore, emphasizes growing need for HEIs to pursue integrated digital branding approaches for continuity of engagement as well as institutional reputation.
HR Analytics Meets Customer Insights: Leveraging Marketing Metrics for Workforce Optimization
The growing access to organizational information has turned human resource management and marketing into analytics functions. Conventionally, HR analytics and customer analytics have developed as distinct fields, but the increased focus on integrating the field strategically has given way to the possibility of applying marketing metrics to optimize the workforce. This paper discusses the intersection of HR analytics and customer insights by analyzing how data on customers can be used to decrease the planning of workforce, performance management, and employee engagement. The study is aimed at determining the crucial marketing measurements like the customer satisfaction, retention rates, brand perception, and service quality indicators and discussing how these measures can be relevant in making human capital judgments. The study is carried out in terms of synthesizing the available literature in the domain of HR analytics, marketing analytics and strategic management with the help of the conceptual and empirical review-based approach to developing an integrative framework that would allow relating the employee behaviour to customer outcomes. The results indicate that the performance of the workforce is highly correlated with the measures of customer experience, especially in service-based and knowledge-driven organizations. Feedback on customer ratings, loyalty rates and behavioural data can give the HR managers useful insights on talent development, training needs analysis, job matching and productivity improvement. Moreover, customer insights built into HR analytics help organizations to cease focusing on internal metrics of efficiency, and to shift to an external and market-driven view of workforce optimization. The paper notes that companies with integrated analytics strategies have a greater opportunity to attain high-quality services, reputable employer brand, and sustainable competitive advantage. Through the correlation of people analytics and customer-focused performance measures, companies are able to develop a responsive and flexible workforce that will contribute directly to organizational strategy. The article relates to the current literature by filling in the gap between HR analytics and marketing analytics and providing practical implications to managers of organizations, who are in search of data-driven and customer-informed workforce strategies. The necessity of cross-functional cooperation and ethical data management as the key to the implementation of integrated analytics systems is also noted in the study.
A Study on Evaluating Psychological Factors Influencing Plant-Based Diet Among Gen Z
Purpose: This paper explored the psychological determinants of adoption of plant-based diet in Generation Z. The study aimed at empirically evaluating the role of internal decision-making processes in determining willingness, consistency, and involvement into plant-based dietary practices within the cohort of the youth. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research design applied in the study is quantitative research design based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in SmartPLS. The sample was non-random purposive in nature, and the researcher used 215 Generation Z respondents to gather primary data. The proposed model consists of five unobservable variables that are evaluated with the help of nineteen observable measures that make it possible to assess both measurement and structural relationships between psychological variables and adoption of plant-based diet. Findings: The findings indicate that the impact of environmental concern, ethical beliefs, health consciousness, and social influence on the adoption of a plant-based diet in Generation Z is positive and statistically significant. The results indicate that dietary adoption is produced by an integration of individual values and health-related perception and social situations as opposed to an individual motivating variable. Implications: The findings can provide quality information to teachers, policymakers, medical practitioners working in the field of public health, and food industry stakeholders by determining the psychological motivators that affect the adoption of plant-based diets among the youth. The awareness of these factors can aid the creation of specific awareness programs and behavioral change interventions to promote sustainable and healthy eating habits. Originality: This research adds to the body of literature because it empirically studies the adoption of plant-based diets through the lens of psychology based on structural equation modelling framework. The generation Z-oriented study offers evidence-based understanding of a under-investigated population target group and contributes to the research of the modern dietary habits.
Impact of Global Tariff Wars on the Supply Chain of Pharmaceutical Raw Materials: A Study of Api and Fine Chemical Imports in India
This study investigates the impact of global tariff wars—particularly the ongoing U.S.-China trade conflict—on India's pharmaceutical supply chain, specifically on importing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and fine chemicals. As India is the largest global supplier of generic medicines, its heavy dependence on Chinese imports for approximately 70% of its APIs poses significant strategic and economic vulnerabilities. Using a mixed-methods approach combining trade data analysis, policy review, and case studies of leading pharmaceutical firms, this research explores how tariffs, protectionist trade policies, and supply chain disruptions have affected cost structures, production timelines, and export competitiveness. The findings reveal that tariff-induced input cost inflation, shipment delays, and price volatility have placed increasing pressure on India's cost-sensitive pharmaceutical export model, particularly in generics. The study further highlights how Indian firms adapt by investing in domestic API manufacturing, diversifying export markets beyond the United States, and transitioning toward higher-value product segments like biosimilars. Additionally, the paper underscores the importance of proactive trade diplomacy and international cooperation to build long-term supply chain resilience.
Achieving Competitive Advantage through Effective Human Resource Management and Sustainability in the Flexible Packaging Industry
During the last three decades, the Indian flexible packaging industry has undergone tremendous changes in the areas of technological developments, market competition, emphasis on sustainability and changes in the needs and preferences of the customers. In this context, Human Resource Management (HRM) and Sustainability are considered to be the two most important strategic drivers for competitive advantage. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of HRM practices and Sustainability on the Competitive Advantage of the Indian flexible packaging firms. Survey method was used to collect data by administering the questionnaires to 267 lower, middle and senior level managers of 23 organizations. Out of 231 responses received, 209 were found valid and were subjected to the regression analysis. Results revealed that HRM practices have a positive and significant impact on competitive advantage, and the variables of Sustainability intensify the business strategies of an organization. The Resource-Based View (RBV) of the firm was validated as the study evidenced that human capital and sustainability resources possessed by the Indian flexible packaging sector are valuable, rare, inimitable and embedded resources that result in competitive advantage. Moreover, managerial and theoretical implications for integrating HRM strategies with business strategies to sustain competitive advantage in the long run were discussed.
Requirements for the Digitalization of Public Institutions and Administrations and Their Role in Modernizing Administrative Activity and Achieving Good Governance
The use of modern technologies in the management of public administrations and institutions has intensified since the beginning of the current century, particularly the introduction of digitalization as a tool for modernization and administrative reform in line with the global changes taking place. This research paper aims to highlight the concepts related to digitalization, its objectives and requirements, while shedding light on its positive impacts on improving administrative performance, bringing public administration closer to citizens, and enhancing transparency and good governance.
The Effects of Using Artificial Intelligence Technologies on The Growth and Development of Emerging Institutions
The world is witnessing a technological revolution led by artificial intelligence (AI), which has become a pivotal tool in improving the performance of emerging institutions. These institutions face challenges such as limited resources and intense competition, which makes AI an effective means of analyzing data, automating processes, and providing innovative solutions that ensure superiority in dynamic markets.
Bouzekri Achour, Omrane Dalila Batoul Manel
Legal Governance of Competition in Public Procurement: Economic Implications and International Comparisons
Public procurement is a major area of government activity, where ensuring competition is essential for efficiency, transparency, and economic performance. Legal governance provides the framework of laws and institutions that regulate procurement processes, aiming to prevent corruption, promote fairness, and encourage innovation. Competition in procurement drives better quality, lower costs, and broader market participation, while weak governance can lead to inefficiency and market distortions. This study analyzes the legal governance of competition in public procurement, explores its economic implications, and examines international experiences to identify best practices for enhancing transparency, fairness, and competitiveness.
Newly introduced legal mechanisms for investment development in Algeria under Law 22/18
Investment constitutes a fundamental pillar for economic development and sustainable growth, particularly in developing economies seeking to diversify their sources of income. In Algeria, the legal framework governing investment has undergone profound reforms, culminating in the enactment of Law No. 22–18 relating to investment. This law aims to improve the business climate, enhance legal certainty, reduce administrative constraints, and attract both national and foreign investors. This article examines the newly introduced legal mechanisms under Law No. 22–18 through a critical legal analysis. It seeks to assess the extent to which these mechanisms effectively contribute to promoting investment in Algeria. Adopting an analytical and critical methodology, the study evaluates the legal guarantees, institutional reforms, and incentive schemes established by the new law, while highlighting their strengths and potential shortcomings. The article concludes that although Law No. 22–18 represents a significant shift toward a more investor-friendly legal environment, its effectiveness largely depends on proper implementation, administrative coherence, and the stability of investment policies.
Impact of Adjustment and Academic Interest of Children of Working Women on their Educational Achievement in Mathematics and Science
The present research study is based on the descriptive survey method. The main objective of the research was to study the effect of academic interest and adjustment on the academic achievement in mathematics and science subjects of children of working women. A sample of 100 children of working women was selected using purposive sampling, including 50 boys and 50 girls. For data collection, the Math Achievement Test (MAT) developed by Ali Imam and Tahira Khatoon was used for assessing academic achievement in mathematics, and the Science Achievement Test (SAT) developed by Ali Imam, Gyan Pratap Singh, and S.P. Singh was used for assessing academic achievement in science. For collecting data on adjustment, the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS) developed by Dr. A.K.P. Sinha and R.P. Singh was used. For assessing mathematical interest, the Mathematical Interest Scale developed by U. Tandon and Ashok Pal was used, and for assessing science interest, the Science Interest Test developed by L.N. Dubey and Archna Dubey was used. Analysis of the data revealed that the t-value between academic interest in mathematics and academic achievement was 2.09, while in science, the t-value was 2.25. The t-value between adjustment and academic achievement in mathematics was 2.33, while the t-value between science and adjustment was 4.03. Therefore, the researcher found a significant effect of academic interest and adjustment on the academic achievement in mathematics and science subjects of children of working women.
The Role of Cultural Intelligence on Secondary School Students' Behavioral Development
The growing cultural diversity in school classrooms has increased the need to understand factors influencing students’ behavior. Cultural Intelligence (CQ) enables individuals to function effectively in multicultural environments and may play a significant role in students’ developmental outcomes. The present study aimed to examine the levels of cultural intelligence and behavioral development among secondary school students. Cultural intelligence refers to the ability to understand and adapt to culturally diverse situations, while behavioral development includes social adjustment, emotional regulation, and cooperative behavior. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Population of this study was secondary school students in Champawat district in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand The sample consisted 50 students,25 male,25 female selected through random sampling. The sample consisted of 50 secondary school students selected using an appropriate sampling technique. Standardized tools were used to measure cultural intelligence and behavioral development. The collected data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and t-test.The findings revealed that the cultural intelligence of secondary school students was below the average level, and the obtained t-value was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level, leading to the rejection of the related hypothesis. The results also showed that the behavioral development of students was at an average level, and the corresponding hypothesis was rejected due to the non-significant t-value. Overall, the study indicates that secondary school students require greater educational support to enhance cultural awareness and positive behavioral skills.
Investigating the Relationship between Media Ownership and Editorial Content: A Study on the Influence of Corporate Interests on Journalism
from business models to existential fears regarding their relevance. However, once these challenges are addressed, the question remains: What truth should journalism pursue? What is the purpose of journalism? Does journalism serve the public interest or does it rather serve the short- to long-time interests of private corporations? The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between media ownership and the editorial content produced by that medium. More specifically, it investigates how bias or slant is affected by the structural or financial interests and affiliations of the media investigated. This is done through the analysis of three newspapers, two of which are controlled by the same group of media and belong to the same financial conglomerate, while the third is owned by a different group. Consequentially, the editorial content published by these newspapers is put together regarding its treatment toward the Bihar general election. The objective is to examine the similarities and differences in the prevalence and enforcement of prevailing normative standards of journalism across different media of news production, and how adherence to such standards links to media ownership types. Such variation is likely to result in different news representations of issues, events and groups in society, and possibly a different uptake of news among the public. In this study, ownership types are treated as variations of broader civic/social missions of media.
Ram Sunder Kumar, Ganesh Shankar, Lucky Parashar
Integrating Classroom Pedagogies with Sustainable Development Goals: Fostering Skills for a Resilient Future
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in education emphasize the transformation of classroom pedagogies to foster a sustainable future. This review paper explores how pedagogical methods, particularly flipped learning, align with SDGs to enhance educational outcomes. High-quality professional training, based on outcome-based approaches, necessitates defining core competencies and effectively implementing teaching and learning methods. Flipped learning, which shifts direct instruction from group to individual spaces, transforms traditional classrooms into dynamic, interactive environments. This method promotes active student engagement, creativity, and immediate feedback, which are essential for achieving SDGs. The paper highlights the need for educators to rethink traditional approaches to develop practitioners who can creatively contribute to the SDGs by 2030. By focusing on flipped learning, the paper addresses challenges in integrating SDGs into education and practice, ultimately aiming to improve student learning and engagement.
“The Progression of Anti-Money Laundering Regulations: A Global Perspective”
Money Laundering causing perils to society. These activities shaken the socio-economic structure of nations. This paper describes how launderer obtained the illicit money via illicit mode, Phases of money laundering. It also covers popular cases related to money laundering. It also indicates the number of organized crime ratio in India and World Level. It is arduous to investigating agencies to crack down the origin of scams and funds. There is need of effective technological solutions that can prevent this type of crimes. Money Laundering is an emerging concept, it is done via online and offline modes. Ordinary, Criminal use cash intensive business to prevent the illicit gain. They develop shell companies and off shore bank accounts. This also involve regulatory framework established at national and international level. Largest Financial institutions demand need for better technologies to deter the illicit activities.
The Impact of Microbreaks on Employee Productivity in Hybrid Work Environments
This research addresses the effect of micro breaks, defined as short, voluntary pauses during work hours, on self, reported productivity of professional knowledge workers across hybrid, remote, and on, premise work settings. The quantitative cross, sectional survey (N = 250) serves as the main source for the study, which examines how micro break frequency, duration, and type impact employee focus, digital fatigue, and productivity. The authors used several statistical analyses, including independent, samples t, tests and one, way ANOVA, to show that employees who regularly take micro breaks report productivity at a higher level and digital fatigue at a lower level significantly (p = . 036). The success of micro breaks depends on their nature, as physical and sensory breaks seem to be more rejuvenating than digital distractions. Apart from that, micro break habits vary from different working models in such a way that workers from hybrid and remote conditions take more breaks but are more likely to experience guilt. The results provide support for Attention Restoration Theory as well as Conservation of Resources theory, pointing to micro breaks as indispensable mechanisms of self, regulation for the maintenance of cognitive resources in a digital, intensive environment. The research study is a source of practical proposals for the management of the organization in order to make break autonomy a normal phenomenon, facilitate the implementation of buffer, time policies, and stimulate digital wellness training as means of employee well, being and performance in the hybrid work setting.
“Ethical Artificial Intelligence in University HRM: Implications for Faculty Mental Satisfaction, Commitment and Retention”
The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Human Resource Management (HRM) marks a transformative change in how organizations structure, execute, and rationalize people management practices. AI-driven HRM systems now play a pivotal role in recruitment, performance evaluation, workload distribution, and career progression, fundamentally altering the dynamics of employee–organization relationships. Although existing HRM research has primarily highlighted the efficiency and analytical strengths of AI, considerably less focus has been placed on examining its ethical consequences for employees’ psychological well-being and workplace experiences. From a Human Resource Management (HRM) theory perspective, Artificial Intelligence (AI) disrupts foundational assumptions concerning fairness, managerial discretion, and the nature of relational exchanges between organizations and employees. While algorithmic decision-making has the potential to mitigate certain forms of human bias, it simultaneously introduces challenges such as increased opacity, depersonalization, and the risk of perceived injustice. These ethical and psychological concerns are especially pronounced in knowledge-intensive settings like higher education institutions, where professional autonomy, identity, and psychological safety are vital to employee well-being. Although ethical AI and HRM have been examined independently, conceptual integration explaining how ethical AI practices influence employee psychological outcomes and retention remains underdeveloped. Addressing this gap, the present paper adopts a conceptual approach to develop a theory-driven framework linking ethical AI practices in HRM to mental satisfaction, organizational commitment, and retention intentions. By proposing research propositions and a theoretically integrated framework, the paper advances HRM theory by positioning ethical AI as a human-centric and sustainable HRM practice rather than a purely technological tool. The paper concludes by outlining directions for future research and implications for responsible AI governance in HRM.
Challenges in Implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Research Area of Management Institutes
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has proved to be a revolutionary force across a variety of study areas, having a major impact on research procedures, analysis of data, and decision-making in management education. Though it has immense capabilities, the application of AI in the research field of management institutions is still in its emerging stages. The current study aims to examine and outline the significant challenges faced by management institutions in implementing AI in their research work. The study targets significant areas, including infrastructure constraints, a shortage of technical skills, data accessibility and privacy issues, poor institutional support, ethical, and technology resistance. The faculty members and research scholars, from selected management institutes were provided with a structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The results are likely to demonstrate that a lack of infrastructure, reduced budgets, and no training programs are major interruptions to successful AI uptake in research. Furthermore, inadequate interdisciplinary research and clear-cut institutional policies are also major obstacles. The research emphasizes the importance of building capacity, policy design, and increased industry–academia cooperation to create an environment within which AI can be integrated into research. By overcoming these challenges, management institutes can use AI tools to improve the quality, accuracy, and innovation of research results, leading ultimately to more data driven and future oriented management education. The objective of the research are: 1) To assess the current level of awareness and adoption of AI tools among faculty and research scholars. 2) To evaluate the infrastructure and resource constrains in the organization.
Bridging the Gap of Credit: A Micro-Level Analysis of Kisan Credit Card (KCC) in Prayagraj District
This study examines the effectiveness of the Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme in expanding institutional credit access and improving agricultural productivity among small and marginal farmers in Prayagraj district, Uttar Pradesh. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates structured surveys of 120 respondents with qualitative insights from focus group discussions (FGDs) and stakeholder interviews. Quantitative findings reveal that 79.2% of KCC beneficiaries were male, indicating persistent gender disparities in formal credit access, while 61.7% were marginal landholders, highlighting structural vulnerability within the rural credit system. Awareness of core scheme components such as loan validity (87%) and interest subvention (76%) was high, but digital adoption remained limited—only 54.2% of farmers used RuPay cards regularly, and 42% were aware of embedded insurance benefits. Cross-tabulation and correlation analyses demonstrate significant disparities in credit utilization by gender and landholding, and a strong positive relationship (r = 0.91) between timely credit disbursement and crop yield improvement. Thematic evidence further exposes institutional bottlenecks, including Aadhaar mismatches, digital illiteracy, and gender-based constraints. The findings reinforce the credit constraint hypothesis, underscoring the importance of aligning KCC with complementary programs such as PM-KISAN, PMFBY, and Self-Help Group (SHG) initiatives. The study advocates for a shift toward user-centric financial inclusion models under KCC 2.0, integrating gender sensitivity, digital literacy, and institutional accountability.
Assessing the Financial Impact of Covid-19 on Private Educational Institutions: A Study of Raipur Division
The education sector in India was severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic as the financial situation of the previously existing educational institutions was at its lowest point ever. This paper focuses on the fiscal effect of the COVID-19 on the private educational institutions in Raipur Division, Chhattisgarh by discussing the secondary data and interpreting the findings at the national level and applying them to the region. The study used results of UDISE Plus reports, state education surveys, and national studies that have been conducted within the pandemic period (2020-2022). The hypothesis of the study was that COVID-19 greatly decreased revenue, amplified the cost of operation, and led to the decrease of enrolment in private institutions. It was analyzed that about 78 percent of the private schools had a revenue drop of 30-50 percent and 82 percent had difficulties with fee collection. In pre-primary and primary enrolment declined by 24 and 12 percent respectively. Approximately two-third of schools cut the pay of teachers and 42% dismissed employees. The pandemic resulted in 10 percent of the private schools being permanently closed. The costs of digital infrastructure also rose by 88.9% and the cost of sanitization rose by 157.1 which took a strain on the operations. The research paper concludes that the financial situation of the educational institutions in Raipur Division was perilous, and the policy interventions were needed to restore the situation to normal and be effective in the post-pandemic educational environment.
"Who Finds Fulfillment at Work? Analyzing Job Satisfaction Disparities by Demographic Groups in Healthcare Settings of Mumbai City"
In the healthcare industry, job satisfaction has a significant impact on quality, productivity, effectiveness, and healthcare costs. An understanding of the factors impacting performance and job satisfaction of healthcare workers is essential to the success of organizations. This research examines job satisfaction disparities among healthcare workers in Mumbai City across key demographic groups, including age, marital status, professional qualifications, work experience, organizational tenure, and employment status. The primary objective was to identify how these factors differentially influence satisfaction dimensions such as relationships with colleagues and supervisors, perceptions of management concern, work's impact on physical health, skill utilization, wage satisfaction, and overall job fulfillment. By addressing these disparities, the study aims to highlight psychosocial influences in urban Indian healthcare settings, where workforce retention challenges persist amid high demands.
Breaking the Silence: Laughter Percussion as a Transformative Modality in Counseling Psychology
The use of Laughter Percussion as an alternative treatment to traditional methods based on talking is introduced through this research and it is characterized mostly by its being trauma informed and rhythm based (Banamungu, 2024). With the use of a qualitative case-study design, the researcher studied a total of 30 individuals living in three different locations, Perth, Kalgoorlie (Western Australia), and Kigali (Rwanda), during the 12-week periods of their participation in the programs. The group of participants included people who have experienced trauma (n = 12), those with post-traumatic stress and anxiety symptoms (n = 10), and young ones with different mental abilities (n = 8). Throughout the different study locations, a significant clinical improvement was observed, as indicated by the mean score reduction of the GAD-7 anxiety disorder test by 30%, and the PHQ-9 depression scores by 24%. Rhythmic entrainment of the nervous system, mirror-neuron activation (i.e., activating or triggering neurons that would be engaged or activated if the person were participating in the same activity), playfulness, and joy were all part of the mechanisms of change fostering emotional safety and connection. The qualitative themes pointed out to the advantages of improved self-expression, less resistance, and a stronger group identity. The study results showed that the Laughter Percussion therapy can easily break through cultural, physical, and access barriers that counseling psychology usually encounters, thus providing a lively and fun way to recover from trauma.
Impact of Effective Teaching Strategies for the Students with Learning Disabilities
Learning Disabilities (LD) constitute a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental conditions that affect core academic and cognitive skills such as reading, writing, reasoning, and information processing. In line with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act, 2016, Sustainable Development Goal 4, National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, and National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCFSE) 2023, inclusive and learner-centered pedagogical practices have become a central concern in school education. The present study examines the impact of effective teaching strategies on the academic performance, engagement, behaviour, and learning outcomes of students with learning disabilities. The study adopted a descriptive survey method. Data were collected from 40 Special Education Teachers (SETs) teaching at primary, secondary, and senior secondary levels in Delhi. A structured Google Form consisting of 16 items based on Likert scale responses, multiple-choice questions, and guided open-ended questions was administered during December 2024 to January 2025. The data were analysed using percentage-based descriptive statistics.
Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In Human Resource Decision-Making: Opportunities, Risks, And Ethical Challenges
The rapid adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Human Resource (HR) decision-making is transforming the way organizations manage talent, enhance efficiency, and support strategic workforce planning. AI-driven tools are increasingly used in recruitment and selection, performance evaluation, employee engagement, and predictive workforce analytics. While these technologies offer significant opportunities such as improved decision accuracy, reduced administrative workload, and data-driven insights, they also introduce substantial risks and ethical concerns. Key challenges include algorithmic bias, lack of transparency in automated decision systems, data privacy and security issues, and potential erosion of human judgment in critical employment decisions. This study examines the role of AI in HR decision-making by systematically analyzing its opportunities, associated risks, and ethical challenges. Drawing on existing literature, industry practices, and ethical frameworks, the paper highlights the need for responsible AI governance, human–AI collaboration, and transparent decision-making processes in HR functions. The findings emphasize that while AI can enhance HR effectiveness, its deployment must be carefully managed to ensure fairness, accountability, and trust. The study contributes to the growing discourse on ethical AI in human resources and offers practical insights for HR professionals, organizational leaders, and policymakers seeking to balance technological innovation with ethical responsibility.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Emotional Intelligence in Enhancing Leadership Effectiveness and Team Performance
In the rapidly evolving digital work environment, leadership effectiveness increasingly depends on the ability to integrate advanced technologies with human-centric skills. This study examines the joint role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Emotional Intelligence (EI) in enhancing leadership effectiveness and team performance. The primary purpose of the study is to explore how AI-driven tools and emotionally intelligent leadership behaviors collectively influence decision-making quality, interpersonal relationships, and overall team outcomes. The research adopts a mixed-method approach, combining conceptual analysis with a survey-based quantitative study of managers and team leaders across selected organizations. Statistical techniques such as correlation and regression analysis are used to assess the relationships among AI adoption, emotional intelligence, leadership effectiveness, and team performance. The findings reveal that AI significantly enhances data-driven decision-making, operational efficiency, and performance monitoring, while emotional intelligence plays a critical role in building trust, empathy, motivation, and effective communication within teams. More importantly, the integration of AI capabilities with high emotional intelligence enables leaders to become more adaptive, empathetic, and responsive to complex organizational challenges. The study concludes that a balanced and ethical use of AI, complemented by strong emotional intelligence, leads to improved organizational outcomes, sustainable leadership practices, and high-performing teams. The findings offer valuable insights for organizations seeking to develop future-ready leaders in AI-enabled workplaces.
Risk-Adjusted Performance of Sustainable Mutual Funds: Evidence from Emerging and Developed Markets
The paper analyzes the performance of sustainable mutual funds in both emerging and developed markets with respect to three most popular risk-adjusted performance metrics: Treynor ratio, Jensen Alpha and Sharpe ratio. This paper analyzes 312 sustainable mutual funds that are operating in 15 countries within the time frame of 5 years (2019-2023) and assesses the potential of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investment strategies to achieve better risk-adjusted returns than traditional funds. The results show that sustainable funds in more developed markets exhibit better Jensen’s Alpha performance (0.47% monthly excess return, p<0.01) while emerging market sustainable funds exhibit higher Treynor ratios (0.051 vs 0.042). Sharpe ratio analysis indicates mixed performance across both segments, challenging the traditional assumption that ESG factors necessarily compromise financial returns. The study contributes to the growing literature on sustainable finance by providing robust empirical evidence on the risk-return profile of ESG investments across diverse market conditions and regulatory environments.
The literary Text from the Poetics of Genres to Textual Structures
This study seeks to search for the problem of the literary text and its relationship to the issue of genre classification through the theory of genres or what is known as poetics according to Aristotle, who researched the subject of poetry and tried to search for its types, characteristics and rules, for the nature of the literary is linked to the extent to which the text respects certain standards; otherwise, the text will not have the right to be recognized as literarily legitimate by the literary institution. Poetics controls these standards and, through them, assesses literary texts, studies them, analyzes them and classifies them into higher models based on their characteristics. However, the literary text rebels against every classification and transcends the limits set by poetics, so poetics must recognize the transformations of the literary text and its dynamism, and must look at the differences rather than focusing on the similarities that unite the texts. Therefore, if poetics wants to achieve its project, it must recognize the specificity and diversity of the literary text, and proceed from it to formulate an effective dynamic conception according to the principle of textual structures.
Corporate Governance and Fraud Prevention: An Empirical Study of Indian Corporations
This study examines the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and corporate fraud among Indian listed firms. Using a panel of non-financial companies listed on Indian stock exchanges from 2012 to 2022, we investigate whether stronger governance structures reduce the likelihood and severity of corporate fraud. Fraud is proxied using observable misconduct outcomes, including regulatory enforcement actions, adverse audit signals, and accounting irregularities. Corporate governance quality is measured using a composite index capturing board structure, audit committee effectiveness, ownership characteristics, and audit quality. Employing fixed-effects regression models and addressing endogeneity through lagged governance measures and propensity score matching, we find that firms with stronger governance exhibit significantly lower fraud risk. Audit committee independence and auditor quality emerge as the most effective deterrents, while high promoter ownership significantly weakens the governance–fraud relationship. Overall, the findings contribute to the emerging-market governance literature and offer important implications for regulators, boards, and investors seeking to strengthen fraud prevention frameworks in environments characterized by concentrated ownership.
Effect of Machine Learning on Human Resources, Marketing, and Financial Aspects of E-Commerce
The rapid growth of e-commerce platforms has intensified the need for intelligent, data-driven decision-making across organizational functions. Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as a transformative technology enabling e-commerce firms to optimize human resource management, enhance marketing effectiveness, and improve financial performance. Despite growing adoption, empirical studies examining the integrated impact of machine learning across HR, marketing, and financial dimensions of e-commerce organizations remain limited. The present study conducts a comprehensive empirical analysis of how varying levels of machine learning adoption influence human resource effectiveness, marketing performance, and financial outcomes in e-commerce firms. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 200 e-commerce organizations, categorized into high ML adoption and low ML adoption groups. Statistical techniques such as independent samples t-tests, chi-square tests, and discriminant analysis were employed to evaluate differences across functional performance dimensions. The findings reveal statistically significant differences between high and low ML-adopting e-commerce firms. Organizations with advanced machine learning capabilities demonstrate superior HR efficiency, enhanced marketing outcomes, and stronger financial performance. The results highlight machine learning as a strategic enabler of organizational competitiveness and sustainability in the e-commerce sector.
The Impact of Staff Performance with Green Human Resource Management (HRM) Practices in Business Sustainability
Stakeholders have increased their demands over the past few centuries for businesses to use eco-friendly practices. Finding sustainable practices that improve sustainability is thus more important than ever. Although The Global Human Resources Management or environmental HR management, has drawn a lot of interest from scholars, there continue to be few and undeveloped studies on green practices. Examining the strategies used to enhance “business sustainability” (BS) is the study’s main goal. The inquiry arranges the existing works using the strategy choice idea and a characteristic method, demonstrating the importance of GHRM strategies for environmental management and BS. Utilizing the intermediary functions of ecological and staff performance, this investigation examines the implications of GHRM activities, comprising instruction and growth, performance evaluation, incentive, and reimbursement, on BS. The statistics have been gathered from 165 management staff members in India's textile industry using an internet-based survey technique. The research's results revealed important impacts of GHRM activities, including incentive and reimbursement, instruction and growth, and performance evaluation, on BS. The specific mediating impact of worker and surroundings production between GHRM activities and BS are also experimentally examined in this research. The results of the investigation provide credence to the proposed regulating model.In developing nations, the Green Housing and Managing (GHRM) concept is novel. To determine environmental issues and assess the effects of GHRM programs in India’s industrial and textile sectors, further research is required.
The Role of Internet of Things Data in Stock Market Forecasting: A New Frontier for Financial Management
The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming stock market prediction because of the availability of high-dimensional data in real-time. This study aims at identifying how big data analytics, predicting modelling and block chain frameworks deployed under IoT improve on financial decision making and the stability of the market. The study demonstrates that the integration of data streams from IoT results in improvements in predictive models, risk management, and transactional processes. The outcomes stress the compatibility of IoT applications with traditional theories in finance, while stressing the revolutionary nature of these applications for correcting market imperfections and improving the forecast accuracy. Still, issues like privacy and the ability of different sub-systems to work together show that IoT in the sphere of financial ecosystems means a new level of development. The subsequent sections of this paper indicate that there is a need to improve on IoT adoption and integrate IoT better into the practices that affect the stock market and financial management.
Mediating the Impact of Customer Relationship Management on the Influence of Online Purchase Intent through Digital Marketing Management
This study looked at the connection between customer relationship marketing (CRM), digital marketing, and the intention of online purchases among live-on social media Facebook users. The web-based questionnaire has been dispersed and statistics have been gathered from 355 live-streaming consumers on Facebook using the quantitative approach of convenient sampling. The data have been analyzed using a portion least structural equations model (PLS-SEM) to assess assumptions and for expository reasons. Using the mediating impact of CRM among live-on social media consumers, results backed the connection between the intention of online purchases and digital marketing. This research may help owners of companies and digital advertisers react to the requirements of live-on Facebook consumers and enhance their marketing administration.
Dharma, Artha and Yogakṣema: Re‑reading Indian Knowledge Systems through Śāstra, Upāya, Sāma and Dāna
The contemporary revival of the Indian Knowledge System (IKS) invites a re‑examination of classical concepts that shaped ethics, governance and social welfare in pre‑modern South Asia. This enhanced research paper draws on themes from traditional Indian knowledge—definitions of śāstra, meanings of artha, the cycle of yogakṣema, the upāyas or strategies of statecraft, detailed typologies of sāma (conciliation) and dāna (charitable giving)—and demonstrates their practical application in contemporary Indian governance and policy-making. This paper reconstructs an integrated framework of Indian thought on prosperity and public order, analyzing how these ancient principles manifest in modern policies such as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA) 1996, and various tribal development initiatives. The research incorporates primary data from government reports, secondary data from academic sources, and extensive citations to demonstrate the living relevance of IKS in 21st-century India.
Enhancing Financial Performance and Sustainable Growth in Food Processing SMEs through Working Capital Management Optimization: A Systematic Literature Review
This systematized literature review explores the effectiveness of the working capital management (WCM) on the financial operations and long-term survival of small and medium food processing enterprises (SMFPEs). Food processing industry contributes to development through value addition, employment, and rural income diversification, but faces challenges as fragmented raw material supply chains, seasonal raw material availability, and inadequate finance. Efficient WCM is revealed as one of the strategic capabilities that increase liquidity, operational efficiency, and profitability. Some of the important short-term assets determine financial health and efficiency in production. WCM effectiveness is highly meditated by technological adoption, managerial competence as well as regulatory compliance. Empirical data confirms that optimized working capital cycles across regions enhance SME profitability, resilience, investment attraction, and sustainable growth. The review emphasizes interventions to overcome liquidity problems and strengthen WCM practices in food processing SMEs worldwide. The article presents text on WCM in SMEs.
Scientific Management in the Era of Artificial Intelligence A Socio-Organizational Interpretation
This article focuses on the relationship between scientific management and artificial intelligence, highlighting how AI contributes to the development of modern management practices. The article reviews the theoretical foundations of scientific management and explains the impact of smart technologies, such as machine learning and predictive analytics, in improving efficiency and decision-making. It also discusses the benefits provided by these technologies, such as enhanced productivity and innovation, along with the challenges and limitations associated with them, including ethical risks and infrastructure requirements. In conclusion, the article addresses the future of scientific management in the era of AI and the potential for achieving a sustainable competitive advantage for organizations.
Financial Literacy and Investment Decisions: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
Financial literacy is widely recognised as a prerequisite for the development of a strong financial system in nations around the world. Policymakers, regulators, governments, and numerous other stakeholders have recently been interested in financial literacy. Financial education providers have made significant investments and efforts to promote financial literacy through a variety of financial education programs. This review article provides an overview of the various facets of financial literacy and investing decisions by analysing previous research studies conducted by different researchers.
A Study on Effect of Digital Practices on Sales Performance and Business Sustainability of Msmes
The goal of this research is to better understand the relationship between sales performance and digital marketing's impact on a company's long-term viability. Structural equation modelling and other quantitative methods are employed for data analysis here. Choosing samples using methods that are most convenient for the researchers. In this study, we surveyed 142 micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the Bangalore area using online questionnaires and analyzed the responses. Data analysis reveals digital marketing had a positive and material effect on business outcomes including sales performance and long-term viability. Digital marketing can be executed over a wide range of channels, from social media and the web to search engine optimization (SEO). According to the findings, social media is a popular digital medium among MSMEs. This study analyzes data from both large and small companies to reveal the most successful sales strategies and approaches that can boost revenue and ensure a company's continued prosperity.
Integration of Green Propellants in Advanced Chemical Propulsion Systems: Challenges and Innovations for Future Rocketry
This paper reviews the integration of green propellants, such as HAN-based AF-M315E and ADN-based LMP-103S, into advanced chemical propulsion systems in order to replace toxic hydrazine and UDMH, addressing their environmental harm from emissions like 300 tons of CO per launch, high carcinogenicity, and handling costs. Despite superior performance metrics such as specific impulse (Isp) of 250-260s compared to hydrazine’s 230-235s, higher density impulse, and reduced toxicity allowing for easier ground operations; these alternatives face challenges including catalyst preheating above 350
Authenticity in Corporate Social Responsibility: Conceptualizing Employee Perceptions of CSR and Greenwashing in Indian Banking
The present paper develops a conceptual framework to analyze employee perception toward Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), with a specialized emphasis on distinguishing genuine CSR from greenwashing practices within the Indian banking sector. As global and domestic pressures mount for financial institutions to demonstrate ethical and sustainable operations, CSR has transitioned from a peripheral philanthropic activity to a core strategic tool for reputation building and the cultivation of stakeholder trust. However, the proliferation of greenwashing—the act of making false, exaggerated, or misleading claims regarding environmental and social impact—poses a significant threat to organizational integrity. This study synthesizes literature alongside empirical observations to propose a model explaining how CSR authenticity serves as a primary driver of employee trust, motivation, job satisfaction, and organizational loyalty. Through a mixed-methods approach utilizing descriptive and exploratory research designs, the study identifies critical predictors of employee perception, including transparency, environmental commitment, ethical governance, and employee involvement. The findings underscore that while authentic CSR fosters positive workplace behaviors and enhances retention, greenwashing triggers skepticism, work alienation, and disengagement.
The Future of Journalism in the Digital Age: An Indian Perspective
The evolution of journalism in India has been deeply intertwined with the country’s political, social, and technological transformations. From its foundational role during the freedom struggle to its present-day manifestation across digital platforms, journalism in India has historically functioned as a democratic watchdog, a platform for public deliberation, and an instrument of social reform. In the digital age, however, journalism is undergoing one of the most significant transformations in its history. The proliferation of the internet, affordable smartphones, social media platforms, and algorithm-driven content distribution has fundamentally altered how news is produced, circulated, and consumed.
Exploring User Perception and Trust in Astrology Apps: A Study of Digital Astrology Adoption and Engagement
This study looks into how users perceive, trust, and engage with astrology apps. It uses a mixed-methods approach that includes both surveys and interviews. The survey part collects data on demographics, how often users engage with the apps, their views on credibility, privacy concerns, and satisfaction levels among 57 participants. The interviews provide deeper insights into why users are drawn to these apps, what they expect, and the personal value they find in them. The findings show that while many people use astrology apps, there is significant doubt about the accuracy and reliability of their predictions. Privacy is a big concern, with most participants feeling uncertain or distrustful about data security. Some users see astrology as a spiritual guide, but many mainly use the apps for convenience or entertainment. Overall satisfaction is low, as most users feel the apps do not live up to their expectations, and few are likely to recommend them to others. The combined results point out major issues in trust, personalization, and data transparency that affect user engagement and satisfaction. These observations provide important insights for developers, service designers, and researchers interested in online trust and digital spirituality.
Media Law In the Digital Era: Regulatory Transformations, Judicial Safeguards, And Democratic Concerns in India
The digital transformation of mass communication has significantly changed the legal landscape governing freedom of expression and the functioning of the media. Legal frameworks designed for print and broadcast journalism are now grappling with challenges posed by social media platforms, online news portals, algorithm-based content, artificial intelligence, misinformation, deep fakes, and the misuse of personal data. This paper critically examines the current state of media law in India by analyzing constitutional provisions, statutory regulations, and judicial responses affecting digital media governance. The study employs a theoretical and qualitative analytical research methodology, drawing upon constitutional texts, statutes, judicial precedents, and scholarly literature. The analysis reveals that while regulatory mechanisms have expanded to address emerging digital threats, constitutional courts are playing a crucial role in preventing excessive restrictions on freedom of expression. This paper argues that inconsistent regulation can undermine democratic communication and journalistic autonomy. It concludes by advocating for a balanced, transparent, and rights-oriented media law framework that is capable of responding to technological shifts while upholding fundamental democratic principles.
Ram Sunder Kumar, Richa Chandi, Vikash Singhal
Associations between Body Composition Indicators and Lower-Limb Explosive Performance in Elite Algerian Basketball Players
This study aimed to examine the associations between body composition indicators and lower-limb explosive performance in elite Algerian basketball players. A correlational research design was adopted, involving senior male players competing at the national elite level. The sample consisted of players with a mean age of 26.89 ± 5.92 years, mean height of 1.89 ± 0.08 m, and mean body mass of 83.23 ± 12.62 kg. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, focusing on body fat percentage (BF%) and total body water percentage (TBW%). Lower-limb explosive performance was evaluated using squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests.
Seyah Zakaria, larbi Mohammed, Abbache Ayoub
Integrating Smart HR 4.0 Technologies for Sustainable Talent Acquisition in Rural Handicraft Industries
This research examines how Smart HR 4.0 systems can be incorporated into improving talent and sustainability in the rural handicraft hall departments. Using the power of Industry 4.0 technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) powered recruitment, predictive analytics, blockchain certification, and IoT-controlled production control, the study is designed to help carry the bridge between OTC artisan skills and market realities in the modern environment. The framework involves overcoming such severe obstacles as low levels of digital literacy, infrastructural shortcomings, and socio-cultural limitations, where special approaches are suggested to retain cultural heritage, which will enhance competitiveness. The research also inculcates the concepts of economic, social, and environmental sustainability by describing how digital platforms will serve to facilitate the process of candidate sourcing, allow skills-based assessment and increase workforce retention. The integration mechanisms give priority to the development of a digital infrastructure, capacity building, and the cooperation of stakeholders to make the adoption inclusive. The research relies on regional and global case studies where resistance to adopting the technology and limited resources act as barriers and friendly policies and ecosystems are considered enablers. It has been hypothesized that Smart HR 4.0 has the potential to contribute to achieving the following: reduce the duration of the recruitment process with a number of new recruits by many times, improve its accuracy and reduce its artisan dropout rate, thus creating sustainable, resilient, and culturally oriented rural excelled handcrafted enterprises. The study offers policy and business implications to policy makers, entrepreneurs, and local stakeholders interested in transforming their traditional industries into modern industries and yet retain their cultural identity.
Mayank Chauhan, Nainsee Singh, V.K. Singh, Rajan Singh
Organic Infrastructure vs. Inorganic Expansion: A Comparative Analysis of Capex-Led and Acquisition-Led Growth Strategies in Leading Indian Corporations (FY20–FY25).
This research paper investigates the financial efficacy and risk profiles of two primary corporate growth trajectories: organic Capital Expenditure (Capex-Led) and inorganic business combinations (Acquisition-Led). Utilizing a five-year longitudinal dataset (FY20–FY25) of eleven blue-chip Indian entities—including Reliance Industries, Tata Group, and Infosys—the study employs rigorous statistical methodologies, including independent T-tests, linear regression models, and volatility assessments. Our findings indicate a statistically significant superior Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) for Acquisition-Led strategies (Mean ROCE: 33.8% vs. 11.3%, $p < 0.05$), which also demonstrate a higher revenue-to-investment multiplier (1.48x vs. 1.02x). However, this efficiency is counterbalanced by heightened earnings volatility (Standard Deviation: ~29% for inorganic growth). Conversely, Capex-Led strategies, while capital-intensive and subject to significant gestation lags, provide a more stable and predictable expansion path. The study concludes that while "Buying" growth offers immediate efficiency, "Building" growth remains essential for long-term industrial dominance.
A Correlational Study of Triguna Traits and Psychological Well-Being of Indian Adults
The purpose of this study was to understand the relation between Triguna Traits and Psychological Well-Being of Adults. Sample included 100 adults residing in India in between the age range of 25-60 years; sample was divided into males (50) and females (50). Data was collected from Vadodara, Ahmedabad and Surat districts of Gujarat state. Scales used for measuring the Triguna Traits & Psychological Well-Being were Triguna scale constructed and standardized by Dr. Gitanjali Roy and Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being scale respectively. Data was analyzed using ‘t’ test and correlation. Results of the study indicated that on Triguna Traits males have shown higher emotional stability as compare to females. On the variables of Psychological Well-Being; males demonstrated higher levels of Self-Acceptance, Environmental Mastery, Autonomy and overall Psychological Well-Being. Moderately negative correlation was found between Tamasic Knowledge and Psychological-Well Being. Low negative correlation was found between Tamasic Knowledge with Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance. Rajasic Habit has low negative correlation with Personal Growth, Purpose in Life, Self-Acceptance, and Psychological Well-Being. Tamasic Habit had a low negative correlation with Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations, Purpose in Life and Self-Acceptance.
Intelligent Machine Learning-Based System for Disease Prediction and Drug Recommendation
The development of automated systems that may assist in clinical diagnosis and therapy selection has been prompted by the increasing accessibility of digital medical records and patient-generated data. An intelligent machine learning-based system for precise illness prediction and tailored medication prescription is presented in this work. To improve decision reliability, the suggested methodology combines sentiment-enriched medication review analysis with structured symptom datasets. Based on user-provided symptoms, many supervised learning models are trained to detect likely illnesses, such as Multinomial Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Extra Tree Classifier, and Support Vector Machine. In parallel, patient drug evaluations are subjected to natural language processing methods including VADER sentiment scoring and TF-IDF vectorisation, which provide weighted sentiment metrics that inform medication recommendations. The ensemble-enhanced prediction system exhibits good accuracy and resilience across many clinical settings, according to experimental assessment. The integrated strategy guarantees that clinical characteristics and patient experience both contribute to more individualised, well-informed, and comprehensible healthcare suggestions.
Biodegradable Waste Management at Institutional Site: An Overview
A biodegradable waste is any waste that can break down through anaerobic or aerobic processes, including food scraps, cardboard etc. Biodegradable waste management play a crucial role in protecting public health and the environment. Every day, a significant amount of solid biodegradable waste is produced in institutional sites. Disposing of this waste by dumping or burning is unacceptable because it pollutes the environment and poses health risks. Thus, finding an effective method for managing biodegradable waste is crucial for sustainable development. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of biodegradable waste management in the various institutions. It examines biodegradable waste categorization, collection, analysis, treatment and reutilization of the same in the form of a product in the same institutes. Potential hazards such as exposure to pathogens, gases, and handling challenges related to the biodegradable waste management are also being discussed. Additionally, the study explores various waste management methods which are highly sustainable and have cradle - to - cradle approach.
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Faux News Detection: A Review Analysis
Faux news has been spreading in the recent years and has become an issue in this digital age. However, there is a light at the end of the tunnel. Faux news is still doing well thus, it has varied socio-political and economic consequences with the spread of social media and online news outlets. Faux news has been spreading in the recent years and has become an issue in this digital age. However, there is a light at the end of the tunnel. Faux news is also thriving leading to various socio-political and economic consequences as a result of the spread of the social media and online news outlets. With the development of the field of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), new tools to detect and regulate faux news have been developed as we still fight the proliferation of fake news. It is claimed that automated conversational AI agents have taken the form of talking to people with negative views and instructing them to become open-minded. Such discussions have been effective at lowering the number of people who follow conspiracy theories, which is a demonstration of the ability of AI to rekindle the brains of those who fall victim to fake news. Development of defraud detection software, such as the Reality Defender, is another move in the correct direction in the effort to detect original and AI-edited videos using real-time analysis. The idea behind such services is to identify discrepancies in the visual experience and inform the user in the quickest time possible to ensure high-level deceit is reduced and digital information platforms are secure. AI usage also assists in keeping external influences actors on the social media platform under control, enhancing the efficiency of the detection of disinformation efforts. Practising deception, artificial intelligence systems ensure the preservation of trust by the users in the information and communication systems. The need to solve these problems of faux news has increased the creation of new solutions that incorporate AI and ML technologies outside of the traditional paradigms of misinformation detection and alleviation.
Empowering Management: How AI Tools Are Revolutionizing Daily Corporate Tasks for Managers
As organizations embrace digital transformation, the role of corporate managers is evolving rapidly. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are revolutionizing daily managerial tasks—from automating repetitive administrative functions to providing predictive insights for strategic decision-making. This study investigates the integration of AI tools into management practices and highlights their impact on efficiency, productivity, and employee engagement. Through a qualitative review of academic literature, corporate whitepapers, and market data, this paper identifies key AI applications and evaluates their outcomes. Findings show that AI adoption can increase productivity by up to 40%, improve forecasting accuracy by 20%, and reduce administrative workload by 30–50%. The results emphasize that AI not only optimizes routine tasks but also empowers managers to make data-driven decisions, ultimately driving organizational performance. However, responsible implementation and ethical governance remain critical.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Business Decision-Making: Challenges and Opportunities in Mumbai-Based Enterprises
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across industries, revolutionizing the way organizations make business decisions. This research investigates the adoption, readiness, and challenges of integrating AI technologies within business enterprises in Mumbai. Drawing on quantitative analysis from 403 organizations, the study explores factors influencing AI integration, including infrastructure availability, leadership commitment, regulatory readiness, and openness to innovation. Findings reveal that while many organizations recognize AI’s potential to enhance decision-making and operational efficiency, significant barriers persist particularly in integrating AI systems with legacy IT infrastructure and ensuring scalability of AI models. The study emphasizes that AI should be viewed not merely as a technological upgrade but as a strategic enabler for intelligent, data-driven decision-making. Recommendations include strengthening leadership commitment, investing in adaptable infrastructure, and fostering a culture of innovation to fully harness AI’s potential in business decision-making.
Performance Management Systems in Marketing: Aligning HRM Practices with Marketing Objectives
With an emphasis on well-known ideas like marketing measurements and performance management systems, this study offers a thorough analysis of the literature on marketing performance management. The article analyses and identifies marketing performance areas using the marketing effectiveness model. The goal of the research is to examine corporate performance management from an all-encompassing angle. Many small to medium-sized companies use HRM techniques, emphasising the rising significance of worker-manager interaction for enhancing company efficiency. The integration of different organizational activities is crucial for long-term success in today's business environment. Among them, marketing and human resources management (HRM) are essential for establishing an organization's culture, drawing in top talent, and enhancing its reputation as an employer. Public relations, social media promotions, and advertisement are examples of marketing techniques that have a significant role in influencing how employees see a firm. Positive employer branding is achieved by consistent messaging that is in line with the organization's values and culture.Devotion to avoiding price competition, more stable company goals, educational strength, creativity, external cooperation, and the adoption of externally offered business support and guidance were all positively correlated with the usage of HRM.
Globalizing Entrepreneurship: How AI and IoT are Shaping Cross-Border Business Models and Market Strategies
The digital globalization of business and the combination of AI and IoT are transforming international business models. This research focuses on how these disruptive technologies drive new forms of income generation, improve business processes, and facilitate compliance in global jurisdictions. From this study, using secondary qualitative data and critical theory like the Innovation Diffusion Theory and the TOE framework, we find out the motivation, challenge, and effect of AI and IoT adoption. An analysis of the findings shows that they contribute towards improving the supply chain, automating compliance and introducing new market solutions. However, some of the weaknesses include; There is fragmentation of regulation, and there are ethical issues. It presents strategies for surmounting these challenges and identifies trends for future development of globe, competent technology-based business.
Social Media as a Dual HR and Marketing Tool: A Study on Brand Image and Talent Attraction
The integration of social media in organizational communication that is on the rise has eroded the boundaries between marketing and human resource management (HRM). This study examined how a social media can be considered as a dual HR/marketing tool in creating employer brand image and appealing to prospective talent. Based on the theories of employer branding and digital marketing, the study investigated the effectiveness of social media involvement in increasing the attractiveness and credibility of organizations. The quantitative, cross sectional study design was chosen and data collected by administering a structured online questionnaire. The analysis has used Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine latent dimensions of the social media engagement, employer brand image, and attraction of talent. The findings supported a robust and valid three-factor model and proved the fact that social media involvement affects the brand perception and the outcomes related to the recruitment process substantially. The results indicate that social media can be considered an HR and marketing convergence tool since it can enhance the reputation of a given organization and increase its attractiveness to potential hires at the same time. This twofold influence is indicative of the significance of veritable, interactive, and regular social media communication. The study will add to the literature on the subject by confirming empirically the intersection of the social media marketing and HRM practices. It provides practical information to the organizations that have intentions to embark on using the social media strategically to have a better employer brand identity as well as attract the high-quality talent in a digitally competitive landscape.
Structuring Investment Waqf Funds to Support Startups in Algeria: A Proposed Vision
This study explores the emergence of "Venture Waqf Funds" as a sophisticated hybrid model that integrates the perpetual nature and philanthropic core of Islamic endowments (Waqf) with the high-stakes, high-impact dynamics of venture capital (VC). The research navigates the complex financial and legal architectures required to mobilize waqf capital toward startup ecosystems without compromising the sanctity of the principal asset. By employing an analytical–synthetic methodology—drawing from Islamic jurisprudence, modern VC frameworks, and corporate governance literature—the paper proposes a series of practical structural models. Central to these is a two-tier governance framework designed to insulate waqf assets from direct exposure while enabling professional fund managers to pursue aggressive growth.
Bridging the Digital Literacy Divide: A Comparative Assessment of Financial Fraud Prevention Interventions in Urban and Rural Rajasthan
This comparative research evaluates the effectiveness of online financial literacy programs in reducing online financial fraud in both rural and urban settings in Rajasthan in a mixed-methods research design that controls 300 participants. These results shed light on significant differences in digital financial literacy 68.3% in urban locations and 42.7% in rural settings and differentiated intervention effectiveness scores (7.2/10 in the city and 4.8/10 in the country). Though risk of being exposed to fraud is also equal between these groups, the victimization rate is also twice as high in the rural cohort (37% compared to 18%). Regression analyses also indicate that 64% of the literacy variation is due to socioeconomic variables (such as education, income, and access to technology). Of vital importance is the fact that the data highlight the greater effectiveness of culturally modified interventions, specifically, vernacular language programs and community-based approaches in rural areas. The study also defines critical gaps in knowledge in relation to the area of fraud recognition as well as online security practices and reporting mechanisms. Subsequently, according to these evidence-based understandings, our proposal is context-specific intervention design, strategic infrastructure investments, multilingual content development, as well as multi-stakeholder partnerships development. These have the potential to align the digital divide and enhance fraud prevention capabilities among the region diverse population.
Enhancing Digital Retail Through Extended Reality: Consumer Experience and Behavioral Effects
The rapid evolution of digital retail has intensified the need for immersive technologies that enhance consumer engagement and reduce the limitations of conventional online shopping. Extended reality (XR), encompassing virtual, augmented, and mixed reality, has emerged as a promising solution by enabling interactive, experiential, and realistic shopping environments. This study investigates the influence of extended reality on consumer experience, shopping behavior, and behavioral outcomes in digital retail contexts. A quantitative research design was adopted, and primary data were collected from 174 respondents using a structured questionnaire. The study employed exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling to examine the relationships among key constructs, including customer experience, customer behaviour, shopping behaviour, extended reality, and behavioural outcomes. The findings reveal that customer behaviour significantly influences both customer experience and shopping behaviour, while customer experience positively affects shopping behaviour. However, the direct effects of extended reality on behavioural outcomes were found to be insignificant, indicating that XR primarily operates through experiential and behavioural mechanisms rather than direct influence. Model fit indices confirmed the adequacy and robustness of the proposed research model. The results highlight the importance of factors such as trust, emotional connection, immersive enjoyment, and convenience in shaping consumer responses within XR-enabled retail environments. Overall, the study contributes to the growing body of literature on immersive retailing by providing empirical evidence on the pathways through which extended reality shapes consumer decision-making. The findings offer valuable insights for retailers and technology developers seeking to leverage XR strategically to enhance customer experience, foster engagement, and improve long-term consumer outcomes in digital retail environments.
Reinventing Media Production: A Study on Modern Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies
The last ten years have seen an unprecedented speedup in the change of media production, thanks to quick technological advances and big changes in how people around the world consume content. Modern media companies, such as TV networks, digital newsrooms, and streaming networks that work on multiple platforms, are changing the way they are set up to keep up with new tools and infrastructure. Cloud-based production ecosystems, virtual and hybrid studios, AI-enabled content generation, automated editing workflows, data-driven news operations, and 5G-supported live broadcasting have changed the way content is made, processed, shared, and watched. This research examines the architecture, evolution, and operational implications of contemporary media infrastructure, emphasizing technologies that are transforming production workflows across both linear and digital platforms. The research investigates innovations including cloud computing, IP-based broadcast chains, virtualised control rooms, integrated newsroom computer systems (NRCS), machine-learning-enhanced analytics, virtual and augmented reality environments, remote production (REMI), and high-efficiency encoding techniques. The research employs a multidisciplinary approach, integrating technological analysis, case-based evidence, and industry-specific perspectives, to elucidate how these innovations improve efficiency, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and creative capacity within media organizations. The results indicate that emerging technologies are not only improving current processes but are also fundamentally transforming the paradigms of media production. The research indicates that media organizations prepared for the future must implement adaptive, interoperable, and innovation-driven infrastructures to maintain competitiveness in an environment that is becoming more convergent and driven by technology. This work adds to the conversation in both academia and industry by offering a unified framework for comprehending the transformation of contemporary media production through advanced technological intervention.
Adaptive Assessment Engines: Reinforcement Learning in Personalized Academic Evaluation
Adaptive assessment engines represent a significant advancement in educational technology, integrating artificial intelligence with personalized learning to transform how academic evaluation is conducted in digital ecosystems. Reinforcement Learning (RL), with its capacity for sequential decision optimization, dynamic feedback processing, and autonomous policy refinement, provides a robust foundation for designing evaluation systems that adaptively tailor question difficulty, content progression, and diagnostic insights to each learner’s cognitive profile. Unlike static, uniform examinations, RL-driven assessment engines continuously observe learner behaviour, infer skill mastery, predict performance trajectories, and modify assessment pathways in real time to improve both accuracy and learning outcomes. This paper examines the theoretical underpinnings, algorithmic mechanisms, and behavioural implications of reinforcement learning in personalized academic evaluation, integrating insights from educational data mining, psychometrics, and intelligent tutoring system research. Through analysis of adaptive reward modelling, state–action representations, skill-mapping architectures, and policy optimization strategies, the study highlights how RL-based evaluation enables precision diagnostics, reduces test anxiety, enhances engagement, and supports mastery-based progression. The analysis further explores ethical, fairness, and transparency challenges, emphasizing the need for interpretable and bias-aware adaptive systems. The paper establishes a comprehensive foundation for understanding how reinforcement learning can advance personalized academic evaluation and shape the future of AI-enabled education.
Richa Purohit, Swati Namdevrao Jadhav, Poonam
From Cash to Connectivity: Digital Financial Inclusion and Market Participation among Zari-Zardozi Artisans
Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of the Indian economy, contributing significantly to the generation of employment and national output. Nevertheless, a large portion of these enterprises function under the unorganized sector, where the work is informal, no financial documentation, and there are limited formal credit opportunities. Bareilly’s Zari-zardozi industry is an example of such an unorganized MSME. It is a culturally rich sector, dominated by Muslim artisans, but it is economically fragile, characterized by low earnings, delays in receiving payments, and heavy dependence on cash-based transactions. These further create structural issues, limiting business growth and making financial stability difficult.
The Use of Relaxation in the Therapy of Stuttering
Relaxation techniques play a crucial role in the management and treatment of stuttering, complementing both behavioral and speech-focused interventions. Stuttering is not solely a motor speech disorder but also a condition influenced by emotional, cognitive, and physiological tension. Excessive muscle tension in the respiratory, phonatory, and articulatory systems can exacerbate disfluencies and secondary behaviors. Relaxation strategies—such as diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, mindfulness, and guided imagery—aim to reduce physical and psychological stress, promote smoother speech initiation, and enhance self-control during communication. By decreasing global and speech-related anxiety, these techniques help clients achieve better fluency, improve body awareness, and foster a sense of confidence and calmness in speaking situations. Integrating relaxation within a holistic stuttering therapy program supports long-term fluency maintenance and contributes to the overall well-being and communicative competence of individuals who stutter.
Ismail Hassani, Sakina Saadna, Bairi Rayen
A Study of the Impact of Social Media on the Academic Achievement of Higher Secondary Students
Academic performance plays a vital role in the life of every student, as it determines their educational progress and future career prospects. As a result, many parents, teachers, guardians, students, and well-wishers are concerned about how students can improve their academic performance, which is a common concern worldwide. This emphasis on academic achievement has intensified expectations and has motivated extensive research in this area. Students’ success and their admission to schools and higher education institutions depend significantly on academic performance, just as employability plays an important role in an individual’s professional career. Consequently, it can be inferred that social media has a significant impact on senior secondary school students in many ways, particularly on their academic performance. This forms the basis of the research problem and the subject of the present study. In the contemporary digital era, social media has become an integral part of students’ daily lives, influencing their learning habits, study patterns, and academic engagement. Senior secondary students, in particular, spend a considerable amount of time on social networking platforms, which may either support or hinder their academic progress. The dual nature of social media—both as an educational resource and a potential distraction—makes it an important variable for systematic investigation. Understanding how social media usage affects students’ academic performance is essential for educators, parents, and policymakers. Therefore, the present study seeks to examine the nature and extent of the impact of social media on the academic achievement of senior secondary school students
The Exercise of National Agency for Tourist the Right of Emption Chafaa
The National Agency for the Développent of Tourisme has assigned the public institution of economic and commercial character to prepare, upgrade and purchase the tourist property provided that it is within the expansion areas and tourist sites to be resold to investors or granted by the Agency as a concession to them, And to exploit the rest of them all with the aim of contributing to the achievement of the sustainable développement that Algeria wishes to achieve.
The Human Security Approach in Confronting Pandemics within the Requirements of International Law: Challenges and Prospects
Pandemics constitute a multidimensional challenge that goes beyond the health aspect to include direct threats to human security, as they affect the fundamental rights of individuals such as the right to life, health, education and work. In this context, international law emerges as a key regulatory framework for managing the collective response through the International Health Regulations and cooperation mechanisms via the World Health Organization. However, reality has revealed a structural deficiency in the effectiveness of these requirements, especially with regard to the equitable distribution of medical resources, weak international solidarity, and the conflict of national interests with collective commitments. This study aims to discuss the position of the human security approach in addressing these problems, by highlighting the challenges facing the international legal system, and proposing prospects for its development in a manner that enhances the protection of human beings as a central goal, and makes the response to pandemics more equitable and effective at the regional and international levels.
Adoption of Fintech Apps for Insurance Purchases: A Study on Consumer Behavior in Mumbai Suburban
The adoption of financial technology (fintech) applications for insurance purchases is reshaping the insurance sector by enhancing accessibility, transparency, and user convenience. However, in suburban Mumbai, adoption rates remain relatively low due to barriers such as digital literacy gaps, trust concerns, and socio-economic disparities. This study investigates the key factors influencing consumer behavior in fintech adoption for insurance purchases, with a particular focus on trust, ease of use, and digital literacy. A structured survey was conducted among 206 respondents in suburban Mumbai, utilizing a stratified random sampling technique to capture diverse socio-economic backgrounds. The study employs statistical methods such as multiple regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess the impact of psychological and socio-economic determinants on fintech adoption. Key findings indicate that ease of use is the most significant predictor of fintech adoption, aligning with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). While trust and digital literacy were not found to have a direct impact on adoption, they significantly influence consumer confidence, which in turn affects adoption rates. The study also highlights that higher education levels correlate positively with fintech adoption, while gender differences in adoption behavior are narrowing. The findings suggest that fintech firms should prioritize user-friendly design, financial literacy initiatives, and trust-building mechanisms to drive greater adoption of digital insurance platforms. Policymakers should promote targeted digital awareness campaigns to bridge the digital literacy gap and enhance financial inclusion. This study contributes to the growing literature on fintech adoption in emerging markets and provides valuable insights for fintech developers, insurers, and regulators aiming to improve consumer engagement. Future research should explore additional socio-economic variables and behavioral aspects influencing fintech adoption trends in other suburban and rural settings.
Manohar Vinod Pathre, Dr Mangesh Vasudeo Panchal
“Evaluating the Alignment of NCHMCT Curriculum with Industry Competency Requirements: A Study of Hospitality Institutions in Delhi NCR.”
The hospitality industry is undergoing rapid transformation due to technological innovations, evolving guest expectations, and the growing emphasis on sustainability and service excellence. Within this context, the curriculum designed by the National Council for Hotel Management and Catering Technology (NCHMCT) plays a pivotal role in shaping the employability and competency of future professionals. This study aims to evaluate the structure and content of the NCHMCT curriculum followed by hotel management institutions in the Delhi NCR region, with particular reference to its alignment with current industry competency requirements. Using a mixed-method approach, the research undertakes a detailed content analysis of the NCHMCT syllabus, mapping it against core hospitality competencies such as digital proficiency, guest service management, sustainability practices, and communication skills. Additionally, qualitative data are gathered from interviews with faculty members and industry experts from leading hotels to assess the relevance, adequacy, and adaptability of the curriculum to evolving operational demands. The study also identifies gaps between theoretical instruction and practical exposure and proposes a framework for curriculum enhancement to strengthen industry–academia synergy. The findings are expected to contribute to policy discussions on curriculum modernization under NCHMCT and support evidence-based decision-making for improving employability outcomes of hospitality graduates in Delhi NCR.
Impact of Social Media on Consumer Attitude towards Sustainable Beauty/Personal Care Brands in Mumbai
Consumer is the king of marketplace. Consumer centricity is the key agenda for business policy and strategic management. This study examines the impact of social media communication on consumer attitudes toward sustainable beauty and personal care brands in Mumbai, with reference to brands such as Mamaearth, Plum, Forest Essentials, and The Body Shop. Against the backdrop of intensifying environmental concerns, urban consumers are increasingly attentive to sustainability narratives in beauty and personal care consumption. However, heightened ecological awareness is accompanied by growing skepticism toward brand-led green claims. The research investigates whether sustainability-oriented messages disseminated through social media platforms particularly Instagram and YouTube influence consumer attitudes and purchase intentions, with specific emphasis on brand transparency and influencer credibility. A descriptive research design was adopted, and primary data were collected from 52 respondents in Mumbai using a structured questionnaire circulated via email, Instagram, and WhatsApp. The findings indicate that while consumers actively engage with sustainability-related content on social media, purchase decisions are not driven by promotional claims alone. Instead, consumers rely heavily on third-party validations such as authentic reviews, certification labels, and verifiable evidence of sustainable practices. The study underscores the presence of informed and discerning consumers who critically evaluate digital sustainability communication. The insights offer practical implications for marketers, policymakers, and academicians in designing credible, transparent, and responsible social media strategies that foster sustainable consumption behaviour.
Usha C. Kukreja, Ritu Lund, Soumya Subhash Kutty
Cultural and Digital Transformations and Their Impact on Linguistic Diversity- Towards the Dominance of a Single Language
In the context of rapid cultural and digital transformations, linguistic diversity within Algerian society is facing profound challenges that threaten its continuity. Globalization and the technological infrastructures produced by the postmodern era have contributed to reinforcing the dominance of certain global languages" most notably English "at the expense of local languages. The digital sphere and contemporary knowledge-production policies have become central forces in reshaping linguistic dynamics, leading to a gradual marginalization of languages that lack sufficient digital support and visibility. Within this framework, the present study addresses the problem of the impact of digital developments on linguistic diversity, drawing on the hypothesis that digital linguistic dominance contributes significantly to the erosion of multilingualism. To analyze this phenomenon, the study adopts an analytical sociological approach, examining the interplay between technological, social, and cultural factors and their influence on linguistic interaction in digital
The History of the Printed Press in Algeria: A Socio-Historical Reading
Owing to its pivotal role, the Algerian press is considered one of the most prominent and influential media institutions in Algerian society, particularly during the War of National Liberation. Through its commitment to preserving national identity, it significantly increased Algerian people's awareness of their cause while also introducing and promoting the Algerian question at both the national and international levels. Following independence, the press played an essential role in the construction of the national state. Notably, in its early stages, the Algerian press functioned as a public press under direct state supervision. However, in the 1990s, Algeria witnessed the emergence of media pluralism, marking a pioneering experiment in the Arab world. This transformation contributed substantially to the expansion of freedom of expression and to the enlightenment of public opinion nationwide.
Green Linguistics: Programming Linguistic Immunity for Artificial Intelligence
The development of computer systems represents a significant transformation in the field of science and all aspects of society. The use of intelligent automated systems has become evident in applied linguistic research. The question then arises: how can we create a "green" linguistics that ensures the safe and automated generation of specialized language? And to what extent do we need a secure artificial intelligence that protects machine language from empty scientific jargon? This work aims to present procedures that facilitate the efficient use of machines in producing specialized knowledge and to propose linguistic algorithms that strengthen the resilience of artificial intelligence software and its textual output.
Intuition over Logic? Emotional Branding and Consumer Persuasion in Competitive Markets
In contemporary corporate environments characterized by intense competition, customers play a pivotal role in determining the success of any organization. Individuals often attribute logic and reason to their purchasing decisions, claiming that their choices are based solely on rational reasoning, free from emotional influence. It is essential to acknowledge that emotional factors persist in influencing behavior even after a consumer finalizes a transaction. Utilizing effective emotional differentiators may enhance the brand's distinctiveness by establishing a distinctive brand personality, so cultivating a stronger relationship with customers. Various appeals are employed to affect consumer behavior, encompassing logical, ethical, and emotional considerations. This compilation of potential outcomes illustrates that emotional appeals often elicit either positive or negative sentiments among consumers. Consumers frequently succumb to emotional influences, making them susceptible to persuasive tactics that provoke strong emotional responses. This article aims to examine and elucidate the primary causes of a certain phenomenon or issue. What methods may be employed to accomplish this? Marketers employ emotional appeals as a strategic approach to enhance their position in the consumer's perception.
A Study of the Relationship Between Social Maturity and Mental Well-Being of Upper Primary Students
Social maturity and mental well-being are important aspect of human development. This study attempts to explore the correlation between social maturity and mental well-being; how social maturity impacts mental well-being of a person. The investigator selected 100 upper primary students from school of Delhi for the sample of the study. The data was collected using the standardized tool. In order to find the correlation between the two constructs Pearson Correlation coefficient and p-value was used. The study observed that there is a very weak correlation between social maturity and mental well-being. It also came out with the finding that there is gender based difference in correlation between social maturity and mental well-being.
Analysing the Influence of In-Store Technology on Retail Stores Towards Customer Satisfaction
In the competitive, digitally-driven marketplace, the retail industry is transforming as in-store technologies (e.g., self-checkout, augmented reality, AI) are increasingly used to enhance the customer experience. This study analyzes the influence of such technology on customer satisfaction and retention. Using primary data collected via a questionnaire from 400 respondents in Coimbatore, the research employs simple percentage analysis, ANOVA, ranking analysis, and factor analysis. Key findings indicate that a significant majority of shoppers are aware of and prefer stores with in-store technology. The most used technology is self-checkout kiosks, but many respondents reported facing challenges. While technology has a moderate to high impact on loyalty for many, a majority of consumers are neutral about revisiting a store based solely on the technology offered. The study suggests that technology must be integrated with overall service quality to drive consistent referrals and long-term customer retention.
Navigating Stress and Attitude: Unveiling Performance Drivers in Management Education Professionals
Stress is the modern disease in the complex lifestyle. There are many factors causing the stress and reshaping the attitude of individuals. The non-academic professionals in management education institutions are the backbone of operational efficiency, facilitating seamless administrative, technical, and support services. Understanding their stress levels and its impact is critical for several reasons, ranging from improving individual performance to maintaining organizational harmony. This study investigates the complex connections entailed between stress, workplace attitude, and performance of non-academic staff in management education institution. A systematic questionnaire with standardized measures on stress, attitude, and performance was used to conduct a descriptive and analytical study to gather the information. According to statistical measures, the positive attitudes led to high productivity and professional efficacy, and high stress levels corresponded to the lack of motivation, engagement, and performance. The findings drive the importance of understanding the interaction between attitudes and emotional stress to impact job performance. The research also mentions supportive organizational contexts and specific interventions as requirements to alleviate stress and facilitate positive mindsets. The research significantly contributes to the development of institutional policies and the improvement of the workforce in the context of management education by providing a combined perspective of psychological and behavioral attributes.
Sambhaji Hindurao Kumbhar, Navneesh Tyagi
Corporate Social Responsibility in Hospitality
This study examines how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is no longer a green buzzword in the hotel industry. It started as a mere concern on environmental sustainability and today it encompasses community participation, social justice and even the economic aspect.Due to this movement, CSR is a major component of the hotel management, and a significant contribution to maintaining happy guests.I have collected the ideas of selected studies such as Ramesh (2022), Risdiana, Isqifaradillah, and Komara (2024), Javid (2025), Rhou, Zhang, and Li (2016, 2020), Aden et al. (2024), and Al″ Karim (2022) to demonstrate how CSR has been developing, how it is implemented, and in which way it actually brings certain results in various hospitality environments.I followed a qualitative method to conduct a systematic literature review and develop a conceptual framework. This framework demonstrates the connection between various CSR practices and the enhancement of social, environmental, and financial results.The outcomes indicate that holistic CSR strategy may enhance brand image of a hotel, one that may create better customer loyalty and one that may assist in ensuring long-term sustainability.I also discuss limitations of the study and give directions on where research can take up in future
Dr. Pooja Gianchandani, Dr. Kavita Gupta, Dr. Girish Nandani, Mohd. Sayaid Khurshed Ahmad
Connecting With Customers: The Impact Of Social Media On Customer Experience In The Telecom Sector
In the rapidly developing landscape of the telecommunications industry, customer experience has emerged as a critical differentiator in a highly competitive market. This paper explores the profound impact of social media on shaping customer experience and feedback within the telecom sector. By analyzing various social media platforms, we examine how telecom companies leverage these channels to engage with customers, address concerns, and foster loyalty. The study of 150 respondents from the Saurashtra region, selected cities mainly Rajkot, Bhavnagar and Junagadh city highlights key metrics for measuring social media effectiveness, including engagement rates, sentiment analysis, and response times, while also discussing the limitations of current analytics tools. Furthermore, we investigate the role of user-generated content and real-time feedback in enhancing customer satisfaction. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, this research underscores the necessity for telecom companies to adopt innovative social media strategies to improve customer interactions and drive business success. Ultimately, the findings suggest that a proactive and responsive social media presence is essential for telecom companies aiming to enhance customer experience and maintain a competitive edge in the digital age.
A Research Study on Women Investors' Attitudes toward Mutual Fund Investments in Rajkot city
Every investor is highly interested to invest in the India’s growth story. Because of its growing and emerging market for investors, mutual funds are safe and for helping higher return. This research study bases to identify the various encouraging factors of women investor’s approach for doing mutual fund investment. As comparison of direct equities market, mutual funds are recommending reasonably more return and less risk. In this study, review of investors' awareness of mutual fund investment which has been considers on monthly income and future needs. This research study shows on to identify mutual fund awareness of women investor in Rajkot city. The objective of investment has been observing that importance of different elements influencing women investor while taking decision regarding mutual fund investment. A survey was conducted on Rajkot city. The method of questionnaire was used to collect data of 123 female investors. For data analysis used chi-square testing method and Interpretation of primary information. The outcomes of this study will help the mutual fund industry for shaping to increase awareness regarding mutual fund investment among women investor.
Cyber Crime Laws: Adequacy of Existing Legal Frameworks
The exponential advancement of technology means that the ever-changing challenges confronting legal systems across the globe in the fight against cyber offences cannot be underestimated. This piece of research is dedicated towards appraising the fitness of the hitherto extant legal background aimed at mitigating cyber offences, especially concentrating on the loopholes, incompatibilities, and the enforcement challenges. The evolving statutory measures, illustrative cases, and the enriching comparative study of the anti-cybercrime laws globally have enabled the current research study to effectively point out if the said measures in place of the law are adequate or not in dealing with the present-day cyber threats. In the conclusion, it is ascertained that although progress has still been made within the current situation in the fight against cybercrime, there were significant weaknesses in place, including problems with the law, penalties, and the scope for international legal cooperation. Forensic cost of cybercrime. Cybercrime is mismatched by prosecution rates. Research conducted in the years 2020-2024 showed that indictment rates across the globe are not exceeding more than a range of 15%, though the number of incidences have drastically increased. The study indicates, among other findings, that there are specific areas that more especially require amendments, such as currency-related crimes, Artificial Intelligence attacks and Transnational Data theft. This paper presents various perspectives on the governance of cybersecurity and suggests means to improve the legal conditions with regard to as the well-known threat of cyberspace.
Status of Unemeployment in Jongksha Village East Kahsi Hills District of Shillong – An Empirical Study
Unemployment remains a critical socio-economic challenge in rural areas of India, particularly in the North-Eastern states, where limited industrial development and restricted livelihood options affect employment opportunities. The present study examines the status of unemployment in Jongksha Village, East Khasi Hills District of Shillong, with the objective of understanding the extent of unemployment at the household level and identifying associated employment-related issues. The study is empirical in nature and is based on primary data collected from the village community.A total of 50 households were selected for the study using a simple household survey method. Data were collected through structured interview schedules focusing on employment status, nature of work, availability of local employment opportunities, and problems related to livelihood security. The percentage technique was employed as the main tool of analysis to present and interpret the data in a systematic and meaningful manner. This method enabled a clear understanding of the proportion of households affected by unemployment and underemployment in the study area.The findings of the study reveal that 23 percent of the surveyed households are facing unemployment or serious employment-related problems. This indicates that nearly one-fourth of the village population experiences difficulty in accessing regular and stable employment. The unemployment observed in the village is not limited to complete joblessness but also includes seasonal employment, irregular work, and low-income occupations, reflecting a high degree of underemployment. The study highlights that the major causes of unemployment in Jongksha Village include lack of local employment opportunities, limited access to skill development and vocational training, and heavy dependence on traditional and seasonal occupations. Inadequate infrastructure, low educational attainment, and minimal exposure to alternative livelihood options further aggravate the problem. The findings underscore the need for targeted rural employment interventions, including skill development programmes aligned with local market needs, promotion of self-employment and entrepreneurship, and effective implementation of government employment schemes. Strengthening livelihood diversification through agriculture-based industries, handicrafts, and small enterprises can play a crucial role in reducing unemployment in the village.
Redesigning the Insurance Industry: Exploring Evolving Technologies for Insurance
The insurance industry is undergoing a remarkable transformation driven by the integration of cutting-edge technologies. This article delves into the dynamic landscape of “Technologies for Insurance” and examines how emerging advancements are revolutionizing every aspect of the insurance ecosystem. From improved customer experiences to enhanced risk assessment and streamlined operations, this article explores the multifaceted impact of technology on the insurance sector. The article begins by providing an overview of the current challenges and opportunities faced by the insurance industry, including the need for greater efficiency, accuracy, and personalized services. It then explores key technological innovations such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Blockchain, and Data Analytics. These technologies are redefining the way insurance companies interact with their clients, assess risks, process claims, and manage their portfolios.
A study on the Role of Human Resource Management Practices in Shaping Employee Performance Metrics in the Manufacturing Sector
In manufacturing organizations, employee effectiveness plays a critical role in determining organizational success. As a result, Human Resource (HR) management practices have become central to enhancing employee motivation, commitment, and performance. This study explores employee perceptions of selected HR practices, with particular focus on talent management processes, career growth opportunities, and employee engagement initiatives. Primary data were obtained from 270 employees working in manufacturing organizations through structured interviews. The analysis reveals notable themes that reflect how employees experience existing HR systems. The findings highlight evolving patterns in job satisfaction and motivation, as well as employee attitudes toward HR policies related to training, skill development, and career progression. At the same time, certain gaps in current HR practices are also identified. The study offers practical insights into organizational culture, leadership approaches, and learning frameworks from an employee perspective. These insights can assist HR professionals and decision-makers in designing people-oriented policies that support a stable and motivated workforce. By emphasizing employee-centred HR practices, the study contributes to sustainable workforce management in manufacturing organizations. The findings are relevant to HR practitioners, industry leaders, and academic researchers interested in improving the effectiveness of HR strategies in industrial settings. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and examined using both qualitative and quantitative methods.
From Digital Infrastructure to Quality of Life: Examining the Role of Digital Welfare in Sustainable Growth
The rapid advancement of digital technologies has reshaped economic structures, governance systems, and social well-being globally. This study examines the interconnections between digital infrastructure, digital welfare, quality of life, and sustainable economic growth, emphasizing the mediating role of human capital and institutional quality. Drawing on empirical evidence and comparative analysis between European and Arab countries, the research highlights the conditions under which digitalization contributes positively to socio- economic development. Utilizing a comprehensive conceptual framework, the study integrates multidimensional perspectives of digital welfare, encompassing access, autonomy, participation, and subjective well-being. Findings indicate that robust digital infrastructure significantly enhances digital welfare outcomes, which in turn positively influence both quality of life and sustainable growth. Moreover, the effectiveness of digital transformation is contingent upon digital skills and literacy, which mediate the translation of technological investments into measurable welfare gains. Institutional coherence further ensures that digital initiatives align with societal goals, amplifying economic and social benefits. Cross-regional comparison reveals that European countries outperform Arab counterparts in leveraging digital welfare for inclusive development, primarily due to differences in infrastructure maturity, policy integration, and human capital. These insights underscore the necessity of integrated strategies combining technological investments, skills development, and governance reforms to maximize the socio-economic returns of digitalization. The study contributes to the literature by positioning digital welfare as a central mechanism linking technology, well-being, and growth, offering practical guidance for policymakers seeking sustainable and inclusive digital development.
A Machine Learning Framework for Automated Interview Feedback and Performance Evaluation
The Smart Interview Coach is a cutting-edge plat- form designed to enhance interview preparation by providing personalized, actionable feedback on candidates’ performance. Utilizing advanced machine learning, natural language process- ing, and audio analysis techniques, the system transcribes audio responses into text, evaluates vocal features such as pitch, speech rate, loudness, and pauses, and conducts sentiment analysis. It also detects filler words and assesses the quality of language used, including grammar, coherence, and vocabulary. At the conclusion of each session, the system generates a comprehensive feedback report, offering insights into strengths and areas for improvement. By offering detailed, real-time analysis, the Smart Interview Coach helps candidates build confidence, refine their communication skills, and improve their chances of success in interviews, making it a valuable tool for both job seekers and recruiters.
Integrating Behavioural Theory and Machine Learning to Predict Life Insurance Purchase Intention in India
Life insurance penetration In India, remains significantly below global averages. This despite a young population and rising income levels. Traditional theories, with its emphasis of life insurance being a rational product, have not been able to explain this paradox. It is important, therefore, to look beyond rationality and look at psychological and financial factors to explain this phenomenon. This study extended Theory of planned behaviour (TPB). This research integrated the psychological determinants of TPB i.e. attitude, subjective norms and PBC with financial drivers i.e. financial literacy, saving motive and risk aversion. Primary data was used in the study. The SEM model found that all the TPB constructs significantly predict intention with attitude being the strongest predictor. Financial literacy and Saving motive also had a significant and positive effect on intention. Additionally, the findings indicate that saving motivation serves as a mediating mechanism linking financial literacy to behavioural intention. Risk aversion showed a weaker but significant effect without moderation effect. To validate behavioural findings two ML models, using Random Forest and XGBoost were used. Both the ML models demonstrated superior predictive accuracy confirming nonlinear behavioural dynamics. The findings extend existing theoretical frameworks and offer meaningful implications for practitioners and policymakers for insurance policy design, marketing communication, and consumer inclusion strategies.
Guest Experience and Repeat Occupancy: A Review of Literature on Service Quality in Bengaluru's Star Hotels
The research is intended to determine the role played in the tastes and experiences of the guests and their recurrence in the star hotels of Bengaluru in reference to both national and international journals. The study relies on a qualitative, mini-review approach to gather and analyze evidence from a wide range of peer-reviewed articles. While the findings are not comprehensive, they can be used to provide a useful background when it comes to comprehending critical areas like marketing management, service quality, customer satisfaction, and revenue generation. The results show that when guests are satisfied and receive high-quality service, they are more likely to return to the same hotel. Consistently improving these areas benefits all guests, especially those who stay on-site. The study also suggests that future research should look further into other factors affecting occupancy rates, such as price, advertising, location, guest loyalty, and brand reputation.
Cognitive Distortions and Suicidal Ideation in the Digital Age: A Study of Gaming-Addicted Adolescents in Tripura, India
The rapid expansion of digital gaming among adolescents has raised increasing concerns regarding its psychological consequences, particularly when gaming becomes addictive. Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has been associated with emotional distress and suicidal ideation, yet the cognitive mechanisms underlying this association remain insufficiently explored. The present study investigates the role of cognitive distortions as predictors of suicidal ideation among gaming-addicted adolescents. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 100 adolescents aged 13–18 years who reported problematic gaming behavior. Standardized measures assessing internet gaming disorder, cognitive distortions, and suicidal ideation were administered. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between cognitive distortions and suicidal ideation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis demonstrated that cognitive distortions significantly predicted suicidal ideation even after controlling for gaming addiction severity. The findings highlight maladaptive cognitive processing as a critical psychological vulnerability factor among gaming-addicted adolescents and underscore the need to integrate cognitive and mental health components within informatics education and digital well-being initiatives.
A Conceptual Framework for Fintech’s Influence on Banking Services in Emerging Markets
Fintech has become central to the delivery of banking services in emerging markets. It is reshaping how customers access, use and evaluate digital financial services. Despite this expansion, research on Fintech in banking concentrates mainly on adoption intention, while offering limited explanation of how actual adoption shapes service quality, customer efficiency, loyalty and financial inclusion in emerging markets. This study develops a comprehensive conceptual framework to explain how Fintech adoption translates into tangible banking outcomes in emerging market contexts. The framework integrates the Technology Acceptance Model, Diffusion of Innovation Theory, SERVQUAL and behavioural economics into a single structure. Key drivers like perceived usefulness, ease of use, trust and cost effectiveness influence your intention and psychological confidence. These factors lead to actual adoption behaviour. Adoption serves as the primary link between digital banking tools and post adoption outcomes such as improved service quality, higher efficiency, stronger loyalty and broader financial inclusion. The framework also includes contextual moderators like demographic traits, policy support and bank readiness to account for uneven digital access in emerging markets. This study explains how Fintech adoption moves beyond intention to create service and social value. It provides direction for banks, Fintech firms and policymakers to design inclusive and customer focused digital banking strategies.
Analysis of Human Resource Development Schemes for MSMEs in Haryana: A Review of Government and Industry Reports
This paper critically examines the effectiveness of Human Resource Development (HRD) schemes for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Haryana, with a focus on HSIIDC industrial clusters. Drawing on government and industry reports, the study evaluates key programs like PMKVY, ESDP, STRIVE, and HSDM, highlighting their contributions to skill enhancement and employment generation. Findings reveal positive trends in budget utilization and scheme participation, especially in clusters like Panipat and Gurugram. However, challenges persist, including low awareness, bureaucratic hurdles, limited gender inclusivity, and digital skill gaps. The analysis underscores significant regional disparities and the need for cluster-specific, industry-aligned training modules. The paper offers practical recommendations for improving awareness, simplifying access, enhancing industry–academia linkages, and promoting inclusivity. By addressing these gaps, Haryana’s HRD framework can better support sustainable growth, productivity, and competitiveness in its MSME sector. The study emphasizes a shift towards localized, inclusive, and strategic HRD interventions.
Victimology and Restorative Justice: A Critical Appraisal of Reconciliation in Rape Jurisprudence
Restorative justice has been proposed as an alternative paradigm to the conventional approach to criminal justice. Though Restorative Justice has been successful in addressing some kinds of crimes, the relevance of restorative justice in addressing sexual crimes like rape has been suspect. The paper seeks to explore the relevance of Victimology in Restorative Justice in the context of Rape jurisprudence in the Indian context. The paper evaluates the ethical, legal, and mental implications in addressing sexual crimes like rape through the prism of Restorative Justice. The paper concludes that addressing sexual crimes like rape through Restorative Justice has immense potential to cause further trauma, coercion in securing consent, and entrenchment of hierarchical social relationships. The paper reflects that though Indian courts have rejected the idea of any compromise between victims and offenders in rape crimes, the Indian judiciary has been moving in a direction that seeks to elevate the testimony of victims through rehabilitation. The paper culminates in a conclusion which asserts that even though restorative justice in its conventional sense is inappropriate in rape trials, an integration of its principles of recognizing harms, rehabilitating dignity, and empowering survivors through forms of therapeutic jurisprudence, state interventionism in rehabilitation, and victimism in general reforms can address rape in all its contexts while protecting survivors from further harms in the process.
Autonomous Compliance Systems: AI, Event Streaming, and the Future of Financial Crime Prevention
Autonomous compliance systems are systems that tackle (i) the ever-increasing volume of supervision data available but unsupervised within financial institutions and (ii) the operational burden of rule-based established systems, specifically those employed for transaction monitoring and associated event management processes. Such systems support ongoing monitoring and risk-scoring of transactions, entities, persons, and interactions and augment the functionality of conventional transaction monitoring systems. The incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers automation and, if properly deployed, a continuous improvement loop by feeding back learnings into recommender systems. The use of high-throughput, low-latency data pipelines ensures the availability of decision-ready data for these systems while their design provides a mechanism for constant validation of the AI ML models. The autonomous compliance systems address important operational concerns, especially in the areas of data quality, privacy, and security, and establish additional forensic capabilities that support compliance liability. Research opportunities associated with the integration of AI ML into the compliance ecosystem are highlighted, and the discourse concludes with a succinct exposition of AI ML-enhanced autonomous compliance systems that advance the Financial Crime Prevention domain.
Autonomous Data Platforms: Converging AI, MLOps, and Cloud Engineering for Digital
An Autonomous Data Platform integrates data engineering, MLOps, and AI services into a single platform. The convergence is important because many business problems that require data analysis, predictive modeling, and monitoring can be realized as autonomous data pipelines. Organizations are struggling to establish best practices and standards for autonomous data platforms. The research considers the data management principles, conceptual models, and architectural patterns of data platforms from a product perspective. Emphasis is placed on the convergence with MLOps and cloud engineering. The use cases and evaluations of autonomous data platforms enabled by the convergence are examined. With the proliferation of data and new generation artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, organizations are exploring new roles, processes, and technology products to groom the data and build data models for predictive analytics and forecasting. The autonomy of data pipelines is becoming popular as organizations increasingly require learners and predictors to be created, deployed, and monitored automatically. The concept of an Autonomous Data Platform describes a converged product combining data engineering, MLOps, and AI services within an organization. Autonomous Data Platforms can be realized and realized as intelligent data pipelines that groom data and support organizations in various business functions such as customer relationship management and risk analytics systems.
Impact of Hybrid Work HR Policies on Employee Productivity in IT Sector
The post-pandemic workplace has witnessed a fundamental transformation in work design, with hybrid work emerging as a dominant model across knowledge-intensive sectors, particularly IT. This study examines the impact of Hybrid Work Flexibility Policies and Digital HR Support & Infrastructure on Employee Productivity in the post-pandemic context. Drawing on primary data from IT employees, the research explores how structured flexibility, such as autonomy in work location, flexible scheduling, and clear hybrid guidelines, alongside robust digital HR systems influences productivity outcomes. The findings reveal that both hybrid work flexibility and digital HR support are positively associated with employee productivity, indicating that hybrid work, when strategically governed through HR policies, can support sustainable performance rather than undermine it. Further, the study finds that Digital HR Support & Infrastructure exerts a stronger and more consistent influence on employee productivity compared to hybrid work flexibility alone. Regression and SEM results demonstrate that digital HR systems, including HRIS platforms, collaboration tools, digital performance monitoring, and IT support, play a critical enabling role in making hybrid work effective. While flexibility policies contribute positively, their impact is maximized when supported by strong digital HR infrastructure. The study concludes that organizations seeking to enhance productivity in hybrid work environments must adopt an integrated HRM approach that combines flexible work policies with investments in digital HR capabilities, offering practical insights for HR leaders and policymakers in the post-pandemic workplace.
Persistent Privacy and Data Security Concerns in the Context of Applicable Laws
In the digital age we are living in now, it is harder to keep data safe and private considering cyberspace continues to grow bigger and there are more cyber threats and data generation. You can get information with just one click. The challenging component is keeping data safe and private for each person. We hear about data breaches every day, which makes us extremely concerned about privacy and data security. The United Nations International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) has even investigated claims of a security breach. There are a lot of security challenges that even an established organisation that uses better data privacy and security measures deal with. This makes us question if data protection and security laws are strong enough to reduce cyberattacks. The goal of this research is to analyse the laws that are applicable on data privacy and security. The authors will use a doctrinal research method to examine the case law, statutes, and literature to find flaws in the current system and suggest ways to improve digital security and data protection. The research's goal is to look at how committed countries are to cybersecurity protection on a global scale. The goal is to make people more aware of how important the issue is and how it affects different people
Impact of Human Resource Training and Development Programs on Supply Chain Integration and Coordination
This paper discusses how human resource training and development programs influence supply chain integration and coordination, highlighting the need to explore how human capital initiatives lead to effective supply chain operations. A quantitative and cross-sectional research design was adopted, with a focus on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire administered to employees in human resource, operations, and supply chain positions across manufacturing and service organizations. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling were used to conduct the data analysis. The outcomes show that HR training and development programs are significantly and positively related to supply chain integration (r = 0.62) and coordination (r = 0.58). The regression analysis indicates that training initiatives can explain about 29 percent of the variance in supply chain integration. Structural modeling also indicates that supply chain integration plays an important role in improving coordination (beta = 0.61), which demonstrates its mediating nature. The results indicate that effective training and development interventions reinforce inter-organizational teamwork and coordination among supply chain activities, which ultimately enhances coordination. The research concludes that investing in employee development is a strategic process for enhancing the performance of an integrated and coordinated supply chain.
D. C. Agrawal, Saumya Gupta, Ankit Bhati
Antecedents of Patient Satisfaction and Patient Loyalty in the Medical Tourism sector in Kerala, India.
Purpose- The present study aims to validate the measurement scale for assessing the antecedents of Patient Satisfaction and Patient Loyalty in the Medical Tourism sector in Kerala, India. Design/ Methodology/ approach: The paper includes item development, data collection reliability and validity tests and validation of measurement model using Structural Equation Modelling with Partial Least Squares Path Modelling. For Service Quality, the SERVPERF Model suggested by (Cronin & Taylor, 1992) was adopted. For other constructs, variables were identified through extant literature review and Focus Group Discussions. Findings: In order to validate the measurement model, some variables are removed from the proposed model that has lower path loading than the threshold limit 0.4. Then the validated measurement model that indicates the relationship between the latent variables and the manifest variables is brought out through this analysis. This study gives a validated scale that carries 4 antecedents of Patient Satisfaction such as Treatment Quality (TQ), Service Quality (SQ), Cost Attractiveness (CA) and Destination Image(DI). Practical implications: The Government in the destination country and other stakeholders in the medical tourism sector are very much interested in understanding the information regarding medical tourism. It gives them the power to sustain in this flourishing tourism sector. Present study provides insights to make medical tourists more satisfied and to generate patient loyalty towards service provider. Hence, the service providers can understand the antecedents of patient satisfaction in the medical tourism sector and can formulate policies accordingly. Originality/ Value: The study brings new insights to the existing body of knowledge by developing a measurement scale for assessing antecedents of Patient Satisfaction and Patient Loyalty in the Medical Tourism sector in Kerala, India.
Competency Mapping to assess the Employability Readiness of Engineering Students in the Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
The employability of engineering graduates has emerged as a critical concern in the evolving job market, necessitating higher education institutions (HEIs) to adopt competency mapping strategies to enhance student preparedness. This study evaluates the impact of competency mapping on career preparedness and professional growth among engineering students, along with the influence of demographic factors such as age & gender on competency levels. A mixed-method research approach was employed, involving a survey of 200 engineering students from various HEIs in the Delhi NCR region. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA as well as regression models, were conducted to determine the significance of competency mapping in employability readiness. Findings reveal a significant positive correlation between competency mapping & career preparedness (R² = 0.275, p < .001) and professional growth (R² = 0.570, p < .001). Gender-based differences in competency levels were observed, with male students exhibiting slightly higher scores than females (p = .019). Age also influenced competency levels, with younger students (18-20 years) demonstrating the highest competency scores (p = .038). These results suggest that competency mapping plays a crucial role in equipping engineering students with the skills required for industry demands. The study underscores the need for HEIs to integrate structured competency frameworks into curricula, ensuring a balance between technical and soft skills. Future research should explore longitudinal impacts of competency mapping and the role of emerging technologies in competency-based learning.
Moving Forward Through a Realistic Method of Constructive Conflict Transformation: Enabling People Through Mapping Their Psychological Capital
The workplace has become unavoidable to cultural diversity because of organizational globalization. Organizations must understand how cultural intelligence creates beneficial methods to solve conflicts between employees. The essential goal of this research investigates psychological capital and its effect on cultural intelligence development leading to positive conflict resolution practices. The main purpose of this paper establishes a conceptual model which explains how psychological capital affects cultural intelligence. This paper uses empirical research which combines direct observation with experiential evidence as its research method. Two leading Information Technology companies operating at Tidal Park in Chennai serve as the research sample for their employee workforce. The study uses multistage random sampling technique to select a group of respondents as samples. Maximum Likelihood Estimation and SEM analyze the prediction capability along with overall fitness of the projected “KOUS PsyCap Model.” Psychological capital explains 59.6% of cultural intelligence variance among respondents according to research outcome.
Sustainable Enterprises and Green Marketing Alignment: Pathways to Competitive Advantage
In today’s competitive business landscape, the integration of sustainability into organizational strategy has emerged as a critical driver of long-term success. Sustainable enterprises increasingly adopt green marketing practices to communicate their environmental responsibility and differentiate themselves in the market. However, misalignment between sustainability initiatives and marketing strategies can limit their potential to create competitive advantage. This study investigates the relationship between sustainable enterprise practices and green marketing alignment, and examines how this alignment contributes to firm competitiveness. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 250 managers and marketing professionals across diverse industries using structured questionnaires. The study utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the relationships among sustainability practices, green marketing alignment, and competitive advantage. Findings indicate that firms with high integration between sustainable initiatives and marketing strategies achieve significantly greater competitive advantage, mediated by enhanced brand reputation and consumer trust. The study contributes to sustainability and marketing literature by providing empirical evidence of the strategic importance of aligning green initiatives with marketing efforts. Practically, the findings offer actionable insights for managers seeking to leverage sustainability as a source of differentiation and market performance.
Blueprint for Derivative Excellence: Frameworks that Reduce Corporate Vulnerability in Market Turbulence
Darwinian market has too much corporate attitude at risk unprepped for occasional spikes in volatility and liquidity, system hazard as a side effect, the derivatives macho being the latter-day equivalent of new managements:" Not this time is it not just business; this is personal". It is wide-scope Blueprint for Derivative Excellence Combining in the melting pot home-grown hedging theory with volatility course and governance methodology from wedded to ERM Adoption, that grabs at roots of how the derivatives architecture looks out on the organization exposure. Combining empirical and conceptual insights from present research, the paper emphasises four key dimensions: strategic alignment of hedging; transparency and quality of disclosure; mitigation of contagion risk; and pathways to organisational resilience. The above two parts collectively promote risk absorption ability, stabilise cash flows, improve governance level, and reduce the intensity of cross-market spillover. Applying the logic of GARCH, DCC-GARCH, and nonparametric and random-process models provides concrete methods for developing analytic foundations for derivative optimization. The results suggest that corporations using well-designed derivative instruments not only reduce the impact of extreme volatility but also play a role in stabilising the financial infrastructure. Drawing from the findings of the study, implications to guide policymakers/regulation and management of financial institutions in addition to corporate decision makers interested in strengthening organisational resilience in a turbulent market are offered.
Vibhum Bansal, Preeti Sharma, Vijay Kumar Jain
Customers’ Perceptions Toward Organised Retailing: An Analytical Study of Selected Cities in Odisha
The expansion of organised retailing in India has reshaped consumer behaviour and market dynamics, particularly in developing regions such as Odisha. This study aims to assess the role of organised retailing in sustaining competitiveness within a hypercompetitive market environment and to identify differences in customer perceptions across various urban centres. The research is based on primary data collected through a structured questionnaire from customers visiting organised retail outlets in selected cities of Odisha. A quantitative research design was adopted, employing statistical techniques such as descriptive analysis, correlation, and ANOVA to test the formulated hypotheses. The first hypothesis (H1) examined the significance of organised retailing in maintaining market competitiveness, while the second hypothesis (H2) tested the variation in customers’ perceptions among cities. The findings indicate that organised retailing significantly contributes to sustaining competitiveness by offering improved product assortment, enhanced service quality, and better shopping experiences. The results reveal notable differences in customer perceptions across cities, influenced by demographic and socio-economic factors. The study highlights that customer loyalty and satisfaction depend on consistent service delivery and store innovation. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for retailers and policymakers to develop effective strategies for strengthening organised retail formats and promoting sustainable retail growth in Odisha’s evolving market context.
Gemini Program and Arabic Language Teaching: An Analytical Study
This study aims to provide a description of the Gemini digital program in teaching the Arabic language to both native and non-native speakers, analyzing the cognitive, linguistic, grammatical, and educational information offered by the program according to artificial intelligence principles for the benefit of the Arabic language, particularly in the areas of text creation and translation. We conducted a study of the Gemini program using both descriptive and quantitative methods, based on the hypothesis that the developers of this program relied on a specialized team in Arabic linguistics, who are knowledgeable about its nuances and characteristics that align with digital systems, as well as experts in artificial intelligence principles. Thus, we question to what extent this "Gemini" intelligent program can effectively teach the Arabic language.The study concluded with several findings, including that language teaching programs using artificial intelligence need to be supplied with comprehensive and high-quality databases by specialists in the field of linguistics. Since the Arabic language has a special character that distinguishes it from foreign languages, the developers of the Gemini program aimed to meet all needs of both native and non-native speakers through relatively simple databases. These databases do not fully represent the system described by Arabic linguistic theory.The results of this study have shown that the data provided by artificial intelligence programs fall short of meeting the needs of Arabic language learners, especially in the program under investigation. Moreover, this data may sometimes be misleading and provide incorrect information.Therefore, this program needs to be developed .
Assessment of Executive Functions (Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility) in Children with Dyslexia
The present study seeks to assess executive functions in a group of children with dyslexia enrolled in a primary school in Algiers. The participants were aged between 9 and 11 years and were attending the fourth and fifth grades of primary education. The study focused on the evaluation of specific executive functions, namely inhibition and cognitive flexibility, through the administration of several tests, including an intelligence test, a dyslexia diagnostic test, the Stroop Test to measure inhibition, and a verbal fluency test to assess cognitive flexibility. The descriptive method was adopted, as it was considered the most appropriate approach for this study. The initial sample consisted of seven children who obtained low scores in Arabic language during the second term of the academic year, while the final study sample was limited to six children who met the main criteria of the study.
Impact of Competitive Aggressiveness, Autonomy on Business Performance, and Proactiveness in selected MSMEs in Uttar Pradesh
This study employs a 21-item Likert scale questionnaire (5 points) to examine how entrepreneurial-oriented factors i.e., Competitive Aggressiveness, Autonomy affect proactiveness and business performance. The sample comprised 376 MSMEs owners from the Uttar Pradesh Services MSMEs. For this study, proprietors of MSMEs were specifically selected. The objective of the present study is to study the impact of Competitive Aggressiveness and autonomy on Business Performance, and Proactiveness in selected MSMEs in Uttar Pradesh. The data are collected both online and offline. Smart PLS 4 software is used for analyzing the data and hypothesis testing. The study found that both Competitive Aggressiveness and Autonomy positively impact Business Performance and Proactiveness. Therefore, all the hypotheses formulated are accepted. In this study, two new relationships are shown. These results provide fresh insight into the variables influencing aspiring entrepreneurs, making them significant. Thereby adding a substantial theoretical contribution to the knowledge of entrepreneurial orientation. This study offers significant practical value to policymakers seeking to identify and develop potential entrepreneurs into successful ones, as nations recognize innovation and entrepreneurship's role in boosting their global competitiveness.
Designing and Implementing Automated Systems for the Evaluation of Linguistic Competences
The integration of artificial intelligence into university, level foreign language education opens up a novel and highly consequential field of inquiry centered on the assessment of linguistic competences, a domain historically grounded in the teacher’s expert judgment and in evaluative frameworks shaped by normative and standardized practices. Within the context of ongoing techno, pedagogical transformation, the design and implementation of automated assessment systems emerge as powerful levers for reshaping evaluative practices, while simultaneously raising major theoretical, methodological, and ethical questions. This paper aims to examine the principles, modalities, and effects of automated systems for assessing linguistic competences in higher education, drawing on advances in natural language processing and machine learning algorithms. It seeks to demonstrate that these systems, capable of analyzing large, scale corpora of written and oral productions, enable a more nuanced and continuous evaluation of linguistic competences based on morphosyntactic, lexical, discursive, and pragmatic indicators. In this respect, assessment automation offers expanded possibilities for immediate feedback, individualized learning monitoring, and the personalization of educational pathways, thereby addressing contemporary challenges related to massification and equity in higher education. However, the algorithmic rationalization of assessment cannot be conceived as a neutral or transparent process. Adopting a critical stance, this study interrogates the epistemological presuppositions embedded within automated assessment systems by questioning the implicit conceptions of linguistic competence they encode. It examines which dimensions of language are foregrounded and measured, and which are, conversely, marginalized or rendered invisible. This analysis highlights the tensions between the promise of algorithmic objectivity and the intrinsic complexity of language practices, which are shaped by variation, creativity, and socio, cultural embeddedness. Furthermore, the study explores the reconfiguration of the role of the language teacher, who is no longer positioned solely as an evaluator but increasingly as a designer of assessment dispositifs, an interpreter of AI, generated results, and a guarantor of the pedagogical meaning of evaluation. From this perspective, automated assessment is conceptualized as part of a hybrid approach that articulates the computational power of intelligent systems with the teacher’s didactic expertise. Ultimately, this paper seeks to contribute to an in, depth reflection on the conditions required for a reasoned and pedagogically meaningful use of automated assessment, understood not as a substitute for human evaluation but as a tool for renewing evaluative practices and redefining the aims of university, level language education.
Family Electronic Addiction as a Gateway to Family Silence: An Analytical Study
Technological development is considered one of the important features of contemporary reality, as it has penetrated all areas of social and family life. All members of society have come to use it and live under its influence, from which electronic addiction has emerged. This research paper addresses electronic addiction by shedding light on its effects on the family and family relationships, highlighting the emergence of family silence.
Lassoued Manal, Chabbi Amina, Bouti Chahrazad
Artificial Intelligence in Indian- Higher Education in the 21st Century
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology reshaping higher education system across the world. In India, the application of AI has gained policy-level recognition through initiatives such as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, Digital India, and NITI Aayog’s AI for All strategy. In this junction, the role of Artificial Intelligence in Indian higher education in the 21st century, focusing on its scope, applications, challenges, and implications. The study is based on secondary data drawn from government policy documents, academic literature, and institutional reports. The paper highlights how AI supports personalized learning, digital assessment, student analytics, and administrative efficiency while also identifying critical challenges such as digital divide, faculty preparedness, ethical concerns, and uneven infrastructure. Consequently, AI should function as a supportive tool that enhances human intelligence rather than replacing educators. In addition, responsible, inclusive, and policy-guided integration of AI is essential for strengthening quality, equity, and governance in Indian higher education.
Innovating Sustainability: Transformative Pathways for Inclusive and Resilient Agricultural Development in Telangana State
Sustainable agricultural development in India demands innovative and institutionally supported solutions to tackle climate variability, resource depletion, and rural livelihood insecurity. Telangana State, with its predominance of small and marginal farmers and semi-arid Agro-climatic conditions, offers a crucial case study for exploring transformative pathways. This study examined the impact of innovation-driven agricultural practices and various institutional, technological, and policy interventions on sustainable inclusive and resilient agricultural development in Telangana. Data was gathered from 350 farm households across selected districts through structured surveys and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics and regression-based econometric analysis using STATA assessed the effects of innovation adoption and institutional support on farm productivity income and resilience. Key findings revealed that innovative practices like improved seed varieties, sustainable farming methods micro-irrigation and digital advisory services significantly boosted farm productivity. Institutional interventions such as access to extension services, credit, government schemes and membership in Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) were crucial in translating productivity gains into higher incomes and improved livelihoods. Furthermore, the study showed that innovation adoption, coupled with crop diversification and institutional connections, significantly strengthened farmers’ resilience to climate and market shocks. Overall, the research concludes that sustainable agricultural transformation in Telangana is best achieved through an integrated systems-based approach that aligns technological innovation with robust institutions and inclusive policy frameworks. These insights are valuable for policymakers aiming to promote long-term agricultural sustainability inclusiveness and resilience in climate-vulnerable regions.
Technological Diffusion And Sustainable Livelihoods In Scheduled Areas Of Telangana: Empirical Insights From Itda Bhadrachalam And Eturnagaram
This study examines the role of technological diffusion in promoting sustainable livelihoods in the Scheduled Areas of Telangana, with empirical insights from ITDA Bhadrachalam and ITDA Eturnagaram. Using primary data collected in 2024 from 368 forest-dependent households through a structured questionnaire and Likert-scale analysis, this study analyzed adoption patterns and livelihood, employment, and sustainability outcomes associated with digital and eco-friendly technologies. The analytical framework integrates the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) theory and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to capture both community-level diffusion dynamics and individual adoption behaviour. The findings indicate that technological diffusion has strengthened the legitimacy of forest-based livelihoods, improved income from Minor Forest Produce (MFP), expanded employment opportunities, and encouraged environmentally responsible consumption practices. However, marked regional disparities persist. ITDA Bhadrachalam records higher levels of technology adoption and livelihood benefits owing to better digital connectivity, market access, and institutional support. In contrast, ITDA Eturnagaram continues to face infrastructural limitations, low digital literacy, and weak governance. By providing empirical evidence from an under-examined tribal and forest-based context, the study contributes to the literature on the technology–sustainability nexus in India. The policy implications underscore the need for localized digital capacity-building, the integration of traditional ecological knowledge with modern technologies, strengthened participatory governance, and targeted infrastructure investments to achieve inclusive and sustainable livelihood transformation in the Scheduled Areas of Telangana.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Innovation In Higher Education System In India
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in higher education, reshaping teaching–learning processes, academic administration, and research ecosystems worldwide. In India, the integration of AI has gained strategic importance in the context of large-scale educational expansion, growing diversity of learners, and policy reforms such as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and the Digital India initiative. This paper examines the role of AI-driven innovation in the Indian higher education system, with particular emphasis on personalized learning, administrative automation, and research enhancement. Drawing on established theoretical frameworks—including the Technology Acceptance Model, Cognitive Load Theory, and Self-Determination Theory—and a systematic review of empirical studies published between 2019 and 2024, the study synthesizes current trends, applications, and outcomes of AI adoption in higher education. Evidence indicates that AI-enabled personalized learning systems, intelligent tutoring, learning analytics, and generative AI tools enhance learner engagement, instructional efficiency, and academic support, while AI-based administrative systems improve governance, resource optimization, and decision-making. The paper also highlights AI’s growing role in academic research through automation of literature review, data analysis, modelling, and research communication. Despite these opportunities, significant challenges persist, including infrastructural constraints, faculty readiness, ethical concerns, data privacy, and risks to academic integrity. The study further analyses adoption patterns across Indian higher educational institutions and assesses future prospects of AI-driven innovation. It concludes that AI can serve as a critical enabler for improving quality, equity, and global competitiveness of Indian higher education, provided it is implemented through a human-centric, ethical, and policy-aligned approach.
Monetary Policy and Digital Innovation as Catalysts for Sustainable Economic and Environmental Transformation in Oman’s Vision 2040
Digital transformation and sustainability have emerged as core components of contemporary development strategies, particularly within the framework of Oman Vision 2040. This study investigates the nexus between monetary policy and digital innovation in advancing economic and environmental sustainability. It critically analyzes the evolving role of the Central Bank of Oman in promoting financial sector digitalization while preserving macroeconomic stability and financial system soundness. The paper develops a strategic policy framework that integrates monetary policy instruments with digital financial services, fintech ecosystems, green banking practices, and sustainability-oriented initiatives, drawing upon regional case studies and international best practices. The study concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at strengthening Oman’s transition toward a digitally enabled, resilient, and sustainable economic system.
The Mediating Role Of Intellectual Capital Disclosure Between Corporate Governance Attributes And Firm Value
Purpose- The major goal of this research is to look at how Intellectual Capital disclosure influences as a mediator in the relationship between Corporate Governance and Firm Value. The study was carried out by considering the top 30 companies based on their market capitalization for the period of 2010 to 2019. Further, examines the mediator role of Intellectual Capital disclosure among Corporate Governance attributes and Firm Value by using PLS-SEM. The study result reveals that Intellectual Capital disclosure partially mediates in the relationship between Corporate Governance and Firm Value. In addition, the results show that IC disclosure and Firm Value, Intellectual Capital disclosure and corporate governance, and Corporate Governance and Firm Value relationships are significant as expected. The originality of this research is that, though, many studies individually examined Intellectual Capital disclosure with corporate governance; Corporate Governance with Firm Value; and Intellectual Capital disclosure with Firm Value. Best of our knowledge, there has no studies that examine the linkage role of disclosure of Intellectual Capital information in the relationship between Corporate Governance and Firm Value.
Yusaf Harun K, V Kavida, Mohamed Ali Kuniparambil
Sustainability Between Reality and Illusion: Greenwashing practices in the Case of H&M
This research paper examines greenwashing practices as a form of environmental deception through a case study of H&M, a global fashion and design company which embraced sustainable fashion initiatives as an environmentally friendly practice. Using a descriptive analytical method, the study assesses the company’s sustainability and compliance with environmental standards. The findings reveal that H&M misleads consumers through illusory promotional slogans and recommends curbing unethical marketing practices by strengthening penalties, enforcing deterrent laws and enhancing consumer environmental awareness.
Merraka Amel, Soltane Karima, Touil Yassemina, Ammari Samir
Examining the Effects of Self-Help Groups on Rural Women in the Context of Empowerment Dynamics and Sustainable Development
Using the ordinal regression tactic, this study seeks towards examining association amongst women's Broad Empowerment (BE) and Community Empowerment (CE) and Financial Growth (FG). Ambition in this assessment is of investigating the process regarding empowerment related towards one another and how they affect total empowerment of women. Quantitative research technique is used in this work, which draws on primary data sources. Members of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in the Anugul District of Odisha are given a structured questionnaire to complete in order to collect primary data. Statistical techniques like ordinal regression, Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests are used to analyse the data and look at the correlations between variables. The findings show that among women, Broad Empowerment (BE) is significantly predicted by both Community Empowerment (CE) and Financial Growth (FG). The significance of lecturing both communal then financial aspects aimed at women's empowerment is highlighted by the ordinal regression model's substantial correlation between CE, FG, and BE. Furthermore, significant positive relationships between BE and CE, BE and FG, and CE and FG are noted, highlighting the interdependence of these aspects of empowerment. By providing visions hooked on complex attitude of women's empowerment, particularly in the context of Self-Help Groups (SHGs), this study adds to the body of current material. By analyzing how CE and FG affect BE and investigating how they interact, the study provides important insight into the variables influencing women's overall empowerment results. The results emphasize that in order to raise women's socioeconomic standing and general well- being, social and financial growth must be addressed concurrently.
Role of Forensic Accounting in Fraud Detection: Perception of Chartered Accountants in Ahmedabad
Financial fraud has become a major concern for organisations due to increasing complexity in business operations and financial transactions. Traditional auditing methods are often inadequate to detect sophisticated and well-planned frauds. In this context, forensic accounting has emerged as an important tool for effective fraud detection and prevention. The present study aims to analyse the perception of Chartered Accountants towards the role of forensic accounting in fraud detection and to examine the association between their demographic profile and perception. The study adopts a descriptive research design to understand the existing views and professional opinions of Chartered Accountants without influencing or manipulating any variables. Primary data were collected from 188 practising Chartered Accountants in Ahmedabad using a structured questionnaire. A random sampling method was used to ensure unbiased selection of respondents and better representation of the population. The collected data were analysed using appropriate statistical tools, including a one-sample t-test, to evaluate respondents’ perceptions. The findings of the study reveal that Chartered Accountants have a positive perception towards the role of forensic accounting in detecting financial fraud. Respondents strongly agree that forensic accounting enhances fraud detection, reduces fraud risk, strengthens internal control systems, and overcomes the limitations of traditional auditing methods. The study highlights the growing importance of forensic accounting as a professional tool and suggests the need for wider adoption, training, and awareness among Chartered Accountants to effectively address increasing financial frauds.
Evaluating the Role of Block chain in Modernizing the Indian Banking Infrastructure
This article explains how block chain technology can help improve the Indian banking system. Many banks in India face problems like delays, high costs, fraud, and old technology. Block chain is a new technology that stores data securely and allows people to make safe and fast transactions without needing a middleman. It can help banks work more efficiently, reduce paperwork, and improve trust between customers and banks. The article discusses how banks around the world and in India are starting to use block chain. Examples from Indian banks like ICICI, SBI, and YES Bank show how block chain is being used in areas like KYC, trade finance, and cross-border payments. The benefits of using block chain include better security, faster services, and lower costs. Even though block chain has many advantages, there are some challenges like high setup costs, lack of trained people, and unclear government rules. Still, the future looks positive. With the right support, block chain can make Indian banking faster, safer, and more modern. This article highlights how block chain can play a big role in changing how banks work in India.
From Demo to Decision: How Clinical Demonstrations Influence Medical Device Purchase Outcomes in South India
The procurement of medical devices focuses on acquiring technologies that improve patient diagnostics, treatment, and overall quality of life while also enhancing the cost-effectiveness of healthcare. The procurement process is comprehensive, covering everything from identifying needs to evaluating purchases after they are made, often requiring a balance between high, ongoing costs and the necessity for clinical innovation. Increasingly, outcomes are assessed through data registries that monitor clinical effectiveness and value. The primary objective of managing purchasing influences is to guarantee the adoption of devices that enhance patient care while maintaining financial sustainability for healthcare providers. Medical devices are technologies designed to interact with the human body to promote patient health. These gadgets can monitor, modify, and improve body functioning and anatomical components. They can function inside or outside the body, such as implanted pacemakers or wearable sensors. Ensuring the quality of medical equipment is critical for determining product safety and effectiveness. This comprises risk management, regulatory compliance, and continual process improvement. Thorough testing, detailed documentation, and global standard compliance are all critical components. Medical gadgets are used to prevent, diagnose, and cure illnesses and diseases, as well as aid in rehabilitation. This constitutes a detailed business strategy that outlines market entry sequencing, regulatory pathway selection, and technical documentation methods to expedite time-to-market, establish competitive barriers, and facilitate efficient global expansion for innovations in medical devices. Medical device manufacturers can boost market penetration and adoption results by investing in clear, high-quality demonstrations that are customized to local clinical needs. These results provide a strategic framework for integrating stakeholders in evidence-based procurement procedures and advance our understanding of consumer behavior in developing healthcare.
An Empirical Structural Equation Modeling Approach Integrating FinTech, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Clean Technology
The rapid diffusion of digital technologies has fundamentally altered the structure of modern financial markets. Innovations in financial technology (FinTech), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and clean technology have reshaped how investors access information, evaluate risk, and participate in sustainable investment opportunities. This study empirically investigates the collective influence of these technological pathways on investor empowerment. Using a quantitative research design, primary data were collected from 230 active investors and financial professionals through a structured questionnaire. Reliability and validity of the constructs were examined using Cronbach’s Alpha and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via AMOS was employed to test hypothesized relationships. The results demonstrate that all four technological dimensions exert a statistically significant and positive impact on investor empowerment, with FinTech adoption emerging as the strongest predictor. The proposed model explains 68% of the variance in investor empowerment, indicating strong explanatory power. The findings provide theoretical contributions to digital finance literature and practical implications for policymakers and financial institutions seeking to promote inclusive and sustainable investment ecosystems.
A Study of Media Narratives on Odisha’s Role in Revitalizing Indian Hockey
The revival of India as a competitive hockey nation has drawn attention to the country, particularly as India won a bronze medal at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic after a 41-year absence. The state of Odisha is an important part of the revival, having supported hockey’s evolution through sustained cash support, facilities, and collaboration with Hockey India. Using a qualitative case study design that focuses on Odisha’s collaboration with Hockey India and the establishment of world-class facilities, Kalinga Stadium and Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium, the article considers the stories written by leading print, digital, and broadcast media outlets in in-between 2014 and 2024. The study also includes a survey method with 100 journalists, spectators, and athletes to assess public perception of Odisha’s role in the revitalization of Indian hockey. The results identify that the media largely constructed a positive image of Odisha as a visionary stakeholder for investment in sport, especially hockey in India, as the state sponsors the national men's and women’s teams, hosts the Hockey World Cup, and supports a return to grassroots hockey in the state of Odisha. Finally, a number of media accounts connected Odisha’s sponsorship to encouraging Indian hockey players at the Olympics. Several media suggested that Odisha represents a model of development for hockey in India. The media stories also connect the contributions made by Odisha to India's Olympic success, portraying it as a model for sports development. This study highlights the extent of media's power in shaping public perception and policy dialogue in and around sports development. It argues that the favourable media narratives around Odisha's strategic engagement have reinvigorated Indian hockey, while positioning Odisha, and hockey, as a key player in India's Olympic successes.
A Study of Influencing Factors in Health Insurance Policy Decision Making Among Consumers
Health insurance has emerged as a crucial financial safeguard for individuals and households amid rising healthcare costs and increasing uncertainty related to medical emergencies. Despite wider availability of both government and private health insurance policies, consumers often face complexity and hesitation while making purchase decisions due to intangible benefits, procedural requirements, and uncertainty surrounding claim settlement. The decision-making process is influenced by multiple economic and service-related factors that shape consumers’ perceptions of affordability, ease, trust, and reliability. Among these, premium amount, processing convenience, and claim settlement efficiency are considered critical determinants, as they directly affect both initial policy purchase and long-term renewal behaviour. Understanding how these factors influence consumers differently across public and private insurance options is essential for improving insurance penetration and consumer satisfaction. The present study examines the influence of premium amount, processing convenience, and claim settlement efficiency on health insurance policy decision making among consumers, with a comparative perspective between public and private health insurance policies. Empirical findings reveal that premium amount significantly influences policy selection, with public insurance schemes perceived as more affordable and consistent in pricing. Claim settlement efficiency emerges as a decisive factor favoring private insurers, reflecting higher confidence in faster, transparent, and more reliable claim handling. However, processing convenience shows no significant difference between public and private policies, indicating convergence in procedural ease due to digitalization and service improvements. The study highlights that while affordability attracts consumers toward public schemes, trust in claim settlement strongly drives preference for private insurers. The findings provide valuable insights for insurers and policymakers to design consumer-centric products, simplify processes, and strengthen trust mechanisms to enhance adoption and retention in the health insurance sector.
Impact of Social Media Journalism on Public Opinion during Indian Elections
The present study examines the impact of social media journalism on public opinion formation during Indian elections, with specific reference to credibility, agenda setting, framing of political news, and emotional appeal. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from a sample of 300 respondents. The reliability of the measurement scale was established using Cronbach’s alpha, indicating satisfactory internal consistency of the constructs. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was employed to identify and validate the underlying dimensions of social media journalism, and the results confirmed the adequacy of the data for factor analysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was then used to examine the relationships between the identified dimensions and public opinion formation. The findings reveal significant positive correlations between credibility, agenda setting, framing of political news, emotional appeal, and public opinion formation, highlighting the influential role of social media journalism in shaping public perceptions during elections. The study underscores the growing importance of responsible and credible social media journalism in influencing democratic processes in the Indian electoral context.
An Investigation into the Relationship between Children's Feeding Habits and Their Nutritional Status (6–23 Months) In Rajasthan
Malnutrition remains a critical public health issue in this region, with improper feeding practices contributing significantly to the problem. The study's broad objectives were to identify gaps in nutrient intake among children aged 6-23 months in three districts of Rajasthan, India, to describe the feeding practices adopted by these children's mothers, and to determine the variables significantly associated with insufficient nutrient intake. Based on the prevalence, a sample size of 720 from each of the studied districts, for a total of 2160, was selected using population-proportionate to sample (PPS) methods. Insufficient food energy intake and a rising prevalence were detected in children aged 12 months and older. Male children were more likely than female children to experience energy shortages. Calcium deficiency is most prevalent in children aged 18-20 months. Regarding iron, there was a significant prevalence of insufficiency in all children compared with the RDA recommendations. Children who were breastfed after a gap of more than 6 hours were at 4.5 times higher risk of inadequate nutrition. Overall, the study indicated a substantial connection between children's immunization status, mothers' socioeconomic position, breastfeeding practices, household sanitation, and personal hygiene practices, and the child's insufficient nutrient intake. To improve proper feeding practices, health education for mothers on breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices needs to be strengthened, and simple, understandable nutritional messages delivered through behavioural change communication by public health staff and health care providers to the community. MNP should not replace the feeding recommendations but should be promoted alongside these Food-Based Dietary Recommendations (FBDRs) and breastfeeding on demand during the first two years of a child's life. The implementation of the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS), Poshan Abhiyan, and other programs to address malnutrition should be expedited.
The Future of Justice: Navigating AI’s Ethical and Legal Maze In India’s Criminal Justice System
With India going digital, there is no aspect left that has not been influenced by digital technology. “artificial intelligence (AI) “has become a major tool to transform the criminal justice system. All these methods, from predictive policing to face recognition to courtroom legal research and AI-facilitated judicial decision-making, are being quickly incorporated into police procedures and court processes. But the use of AI in such a sensitive and vast field is significant from the moral, legal, and constitutional standpoints. This research examines the convoluted interaction of AI with the Indian criminal justice framework, weighing the advantages, the danger, and the gaps in the rules of its usage. The article starts discussing existing and future uses of AI in Indian policing, prosecution, and adjudication. It identifies projects like the “Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS), the Inter-operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS)”, and experiments currently underway using AI-based crime mapping. These advances have a potential in terms of improving efficiency, decluttering backlogs, and supporting investigation but also raise serious issues related to privacy, transparency, and fairness. The primal question of this research is the ethical and legal dilemma posed by AI in the framework of justice. Algorithmic bias, data protection failures, transparency of decision-making mechanisms ("black box" issue), and compromising human accountability are the primary concerns. The research enlists both Indian constitutional values and global legal norms and identifies the threats of reproducing and exacerbating already existing systemic inequities through AI mechanisms devoid of adequate monitoring and authentication. Based on a doctrinal and comparative examination, this paper assesses regulatory models and jurisprudence of other jurisdictions like the EU and the United States with a view to drawing lessons for India.
Bridging the Adaptability Gap in Machine Learning Driven Road Safety Systems: A Research Roadmap Toward Safer Streets
ML-based road safety systems also have the potential of reducing traffic accidents and improving pedestrian safety. However, widespread adoption is a major barrier: rigidity. Urban environments are complex and volatile, with changing traffic volume patterns, evolving infrastructure, diverse weather and unpredictable human activities. Modern machine learning models sometimes have difficulty generalising across spatiotemporal variations, resulting in reduced performance when applied outside of controlled or static testing scenarios. In this work we first introduce the adaptation gap that quantifies the discrepancy of a model’s performance in training and its robustness to operational variability in the real world. We are aiming for an ambitious agenda of research filling the gap by advancing generalized models, supporting continual learning and managing context, as well as incorporating human-in-the-loop approaches. The paper puts forward a multilayer perspective for future responsive, resilient and just road safety. It accomplishes that by combining the latest developments in machine learning, computer vision, edge computing and transportation systems engineering. We conclude with ethical considerations and policy implications, advocating interdisciplinary collaboration for improving the safety of urban mobility.
Rohit Kapoor, Sanjeev Verma, Nilesh Khare
Key Drivers for the Growth and Success of Fintech Companies with Reference to Bangalore
The study investigates how Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) integration (UPI, Aadhaar, e‑KYC, DigiLocker, open APIs), regulatory clarity and compliance orientation (RBI KYC/data‑protection/digital‑lending/consumer‑protection regimes), and talent & ecosystem density in Bangalore drive fintech growth and success, with trust modeled as a mediator. Bangalore is India’s most dynamic fintech hub; India’s DPI and the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) risk‑balanced supervisory stance provide a unique natural setting to examine these drivers jointly. We designed a structured instrument (20 Likert items for four constructs aligned with the objectives) and analyzed a manipulated dataset of 384 responses to demonstrate the analysis pipeline where organizational data are typically sensitive. Items capture DPI Integration, Regulatory Clarity & Compliance, Talent & Ecosystem, and Trust; firm‑level performance outcomes (revenue growth, user growth, product release velocity, funding traction) form a Fintech Success Index. We applied descriptive statistics, reliability, Pearson correlations, multiple regressions, mediation via hierarchical modeling, and ANOVA by sub‑sector. All scales are reliable (α = 0.80–0.85). Correlations show positive associations between drivers, Trust, and Fintech Success (r = .26–.43). Regressions indicate that DPI Integration (β ≈ .29–.38), Regulatory Clarity & Compliance (β ≈ .20–.28), Talent & Ecosystem (β ≈ .14–.19), and Trust (β ≈ .31) significantly explain success; adding Trust increases R² from .214 to .275, consistent with partial mediation. ANOVA suggests no material sub‑sector differences in the success index in this dataset. These patterns align with recent evidence on India’s DPI, RBI’s digital‑lending and SRO initiatives, and Bangalore’s dense talent pipelines (Chambers and Partners, 2025; RBI, 2024, 2025; Startup Genome, 2025). For fintech leaders in Bangalore: aggressively integrate DPI rails (UPI, Aadhaar‑eKYC, DigiLocker), operationalize compliance‑by‑design for KYC/data privacy/digital lending, and invest in talent development and ecosystem partnerships; together they build trust, which is directly linked to superior growth outcomes. For regulators, results support continued clarity, SRO initiatives, and trust‑enhancing guardrails that do not stifle innovation. The study offers a joined‑up model connecting DPI integration, regulatory clarity/compliance, and talent density to firm performance, with trust as an explicit mediating mechanism—situated in Bangalore, one of the world’s foremost fintech clusters. It provides a replicable quantitative pipeline (instrument + analysis and Excel dataset) for scholars and practitioners.
Industry 4.0 Technologies In Education: Fostering Lifelong Learning And Addressing Student Diversity
Industry 4.0 technologies drive new educational models. This study explores how these advancements connect with lifelong learning and diverse student needs. The research uses a quantitative data to assess how these technologies improve engagement and adaptability. Student motivation and learning outcomes improve with artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and mobile learning solutions. This study contributes uniquely to the discussion. It shows how these tools prepare students for a fast-changing job market. They also create inclusive spaces that address diverse learning styles and challenges. The implications of these findings suggest that Industry 4.0 technologies help an educational framework that serves individual learner needs. The implications also suggest that embracing Industry 4.0 technologies facilitates an educational framework that caters to individual learner needs while promoting continuous education outside traditional constraints. This approach encourages academic achievement. It also aligns with global educational objectives that call for equity and inclusivity. This study underscores the potential for Industry 4.0 technologies to transform educational practices. It creates lifelong learning opportunities that respect the variety of student populations. It prepares them for future professional careers. As educational institutions increasingly adopt these transformative technologies, the necessity for systematic approaches to teacher training and curriculum design becomes paramount, ensuring that educators are equipped to harness these innovations effectively.