Gender Wage Disparity In India

Abstract

The paper, Gender Pay Gap in India, focuses on wage disparities between men and women across industries and states. Drawing on secondary data, the study evaluates differences in earnings within agriculture, construction, healthcare, and educational services sectors where women face unique barriers and limited opportunities. Despite decades of campaigns for equality, women’s earnings continue to lag men’s in most occupations, though the extent of the gap varies regionally. Findings highlight that wage differentials are not uniform, instead, they are influenced both by industry characteristics and state-specific socio-economic contexts, thereby presenting a more nuanced regional picture of inequality. The paper further emphasizes the need for targeted strategies to address these disparities, particularly in regions where women’s advancement remains slow. Recommendations focus on enhancing equal opportunities, promoting fair labour policies, and encouraging inclusive economic participation. Overall, the study provides critical insights into wage inequality and strategies for fostering gender equity in India.